Several of the authors point out that while the origins of medical holism (as an oppositional movement) go back to the late nineteenth century, it attracted particular attention between the world wars. Although surprisingly few of them attempt to explain this renaissance, in aggregate these essays none the less tell us quite a lot about the conditions which fostered interwar holism. To begin wi...

After the communist regime seized power in Albania 1944, vilification, humiliation, persecution and execution of clergy all faiths, including Muslim, Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox, were conducted publicly. Religious estates nationalized 1946, around same time, religious institutions closed or converted into warehouses, gymnasiums, workshops cultural centers. In constitution 1976, became first...

The connection between Adam Smith and Alasdair MacIntyre is not evident at first glance. In fact, those who know MacIntyre's work might bristle at the association. MacIntyre is inherently anti-capitalist. He believes that moral people ought to reject the modern state and large-scale corporations. 1 He also rejects what he terms the enlightenment project, claiming not only that it failed but tha...

At the heart of Friedrich A. Hayek’s social philosophy is a regard for the socially-constituted nature of man: the individual is not taken to be asocial or pre-social, but rather it is recognized that society defines the individual. The neglect of this aspect of Hayek’s work by both liberal and communitarian, as well as libertarian, writers within political philosophy has led to his position be...

Reviving community requires progressive politics The coronavirus pandemic may have forced us into isolation, but it has also highlighted our dependence on one another. Across the world, crisis led to huge increases in volunteering, and here Britain thousands of people formed mutual aid groups provide help support their neighbours. Might this signal that we are heading towards less individualist...

The argument moves from the justification of the general obligation to obey the law to that of the general obligation to pay taxes (it is argued that with some exceptions, tax scholarship has played down the importance of this question) by means of describing the peculiarities of the latter in reducing the cognitive, motivational and organisational demands that plague general practical discours...

Restorative justice circles or conferences have shown considerable promise in the criminal justice system as a more decent and effective way of dealing with youthful law breaking than punishment. The social movement for restorative justice has a distinctive analysis of the crisis of community and the possibility of community in late modernity. This paper raises the question of whether this appr...

The celebration of communitarianism by political philosophers (Sandel, M. 1982 Liberalism and the Limits of Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) has apparently been extended to strategic analyses of ascriptively attuned norms (Fearon, J. and D. Laitin. 1996. “Explaining Interethnic Cooperation.” American Political Science Review 90: 715–735) — an intriguing development, given game th...

Content warning: This article contains references to disordered eating and bodily harm.Beginning in March 1935, Orlean Kingston documented her rigorous fasts visionary experiences that revealed the proper diet for kingdom of God.1 In first entry on subject, she wrote, “We fasted every other day. I grew very weak. One night after fasting all day was such misery from hunger weakness could not sle...

distinctions can only go so far in describing and situating the normative case study; eventually, it is best to turn to examples. In this section I do that by examining Jane Jacobs’s The Death and Life of the Great American Cities (Jacobs 1961), explaining the sense in which it is partly a normative case study. I will argue that Jacobs’s descriptions of neighborhood life made contributions not ...