Integrated community case management (iCCM) programs are expanding rapidly in many low– and middle–income countries, particularly in sub–Saharan Africa. Conclusions from the recent review of iCCM programs in Africa emphasized the critical importance of using routine data to assess program performance and to inform impact evaluations [1]. Yet monitoring systems often fail to deliver quality data...

Disaster Management and current approaches in this field in one hand only has focused to physicalvulnerabilities and in the other hand has included consequential action to reduce vulnerability and improve physicalpreparation as well as resistance institutional insignificant during the disaster. Therefore, these approaches usually haveignored the capabilities and capacities of residents to reduc...

E-commerce in community is a major application area of the EIS in community management industry. In this paper, by comparing three information integration structures of E-commerce in community, we arrive at a conclusion that application of E-commerce in community in China is still in its infancy of integration in single direction. In order to make workable integration in two-direction, then a w...

This is a case study of developing and using community knowledge management software. The context of the case study is a school. During a training workshop staff at a school was introduced to a community knowledge management system. The intent was for them to use it for lesson planning and discussions. Instead, they built a series of applications that they could use to make the school administr...

Access control in Smart Spaces requires flexible, dynamic and powerful management approaches. Policy based management has the potential to empower users and administrators in this domain. Rigid organisational models with pre-determined policy rules limits the possibilities for users’ interactions with the space and between each other. This paper outlines a community based policy management appr...

• Objective: To assess process and outcome measures before and after a multifaceted intervention for patients hospitalized on the medical floor with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). • Setting and participants: 1054 patients with CAP admitted to 12 acute care community hospitals from March 1998 to February 2000 (baseline, n = 517) and from October 2000 to March 2001 (postinter-

The determinants of primary health facility performance in developing countries have not been well studied. One of the most under-researched areas is health facility management. This study investigated health facilities under the pilot performance-based financing (PBF) scheme in Nigeria, and aimed to understand which factors differentiated primary health care centres (PHCCs) which had performed...

This article draws upon an extensive case management literature in order to integrate a number of key concepts and findings that must be considered by those responsible for the planning, administration, and provision of effective community care to the chronically mentally disabled. A discussion of the reasons for the current popularity of the case management concept within human services is fol...

This article describes five school crises involving alcohol-related fatality, self-injurious behavior, school homicide, racial/ethnic conflict, and community violence. In each case example, errors in crisis management by school staff exacerbated the crisis and resulted in deleterious consequences for the school, its students, and the surrounding community. We identify common themes of leadershi...