Introduction – Shrinkage during polymerization of resin-based composite materials may lead to gap formation and hamper the marginal adaptation of the restorations. To reduce the problem of polymerization shrinkage, a new composite material (FiltekTM Silorane, 3M-ESPE, Germany), with a reduced shrinkage, has been marketed. Objective – To investigate whether reduced polymerization shrinkage impro...

Within the context of the Maxwell Garnett model, we calculate the nonlinear susceptibility of a composite optical material comprised of spherical inclusion particles contained within a host material. We allow both constituents to respond nonlinearly and to exhibit linear absorption. Our treatment takes complete account of the tensor nature of the nonlinear interaction, under the assumption that...

ackground and aim: it is important to evaluate the effect of the type of filling material on deformation and strength of tooth after filling and also the effect of filling depth on quality of restoration of a decayed tooth. material and methods: the orthopantomogram (opg) of the first and second molars of a 28-year-old man was made and the teeth were 3d modeled. the stress-deformation analysis ...

When the electrically thin unit cell of a laminated composite material is made of two bianisotropic sheets whose constitutive properties in the thickness direction are decoupled from the constitutive properties in the interfacial planes, the laminated composite material can be homogenized into a material not all of whose constitutive parameters are independent of each other. This non-independen...