This paper presents a method for acquiring a concession strategy of an agent in multi-issue negotiation. This method learns how to make a concession to an opponent for realizing win-win negotiation. To learn the concession strategy, we adopt reinforcement learning. First, an agent receives a proposal from an opponent. The agent recognizes a negotiation state using the difference between their p...

This paper presents a new non-cooperative approach to multilateral bargaining. We consider a demand game with the following additional ingredients: (i) there is an exogenous deadline, by which bargaining has to end; (ii) prior to the deadline, players may sequentially change their demands as often as they like; (iii) changing one’s demand is costly, and this cost increases as the deadline gets ...

P oliticnl and administrative limitations are real factors for a Mana,oement S>~stem for National Forest in Brazil. but some actions needs to bc achieve. The concession system is economically feasible to create and manage National Forest in Atlantic area for sustainable timber production under actual wood world ma&et condition. Brazil National Forest needs IO bc protcctcd unclc~. correct mana,o...

Medical condition can negatively effect the capacity to drive safely (1). Thus, in the EU (2) North America (1) and Australia (3), the licensing authorities have imposed certain restrictions or conditions to the concession of driving licenses to persons with particular medical conditions; that is, they are permitted to drive in certain circumstances. In some cases, the conditions or restriction...

BACKGROUND Cross national drug utilization studies can provide information about different influences on physician prescribing. This is important for medicines with issues around safety and quality of use, like non selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ns-NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. To enable comparison of prescription medicine use across different jurisdictions...

We enrich a simple two-person bargaining model by introducing \behavioral types" who concede more slowly than does the average person in the economy. The presence of behavioral types profoundly in uences the choices of optimizing types. In equilibrium, concessions are calculated to induce \reciprocity": a substantial concession by player i is followed by a period in which j is much more likely ...

Traditional negotiation, conducted face-to-face and via mail or telephone, is often difficult to manage, prone to misunderstanding, and time consuming. Automated negotiation promises a higher level of process efficiency, and more importantly, a faster emergence and a higher quality of agreements. The potential monetary impact has led to an increasing demand for systems composed of software agen...

We show that with common knowledge and a common rate of time preference, the potential loser can always avoid wasteful conflict through a time-consistent series of small concessions. We examine how the failure of each of these assumptions may explain why conflicts arise. We also debate which actions may be helpful in such unfortunate circumstances. 1 We would like to thank NSF Grants SES-03-147...

Recent concessions in France and in the USA have resulted in a dramatic difference in the valuation placed on the toll roads; the price paid by the investors in France was 12 times current cash flow whereas investors paid 60 times current cash flow for US toll roads. In this paper, we explore two questions: what accounts for the difference in these multiples? and what are the implications with ...