Over the last three decades, membership in regional trade arrangements has become one of the most important tools of trade diplomacy. Regional agreements bring a lot of benefits for the member countries through reducing barriers and restrictions. Considering the signing of the Interim PTA Agreement between Iran and Eurasia and its effects, this study aimed to investigate the economic effects of...

Recent theoretical developments on concession contracts for long term infrastructure projects under uncertain demand show the benefits of allowing for flexible term contracts rather than fixing a rigid term. This study presents a simulation to compare both alternatives by using real data from the oldest Spanish toll motorways. For this purpose, we analyze how well the flexible term would have p...

The assignment problem has a wide variety of applications and in particular, it can be applied to any two-sided market. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent framework to distributively solve this kind of assignment problems, by providing agents which negotiate with respect to their preferences. We present here a realisation of the minimal concession strategy. Our realisation of the minimal c...

A content analysis system for measuring positive concessions (offering concessions) and negative concessions (rejecting offered concessions) was introduced and validated through an archival study of government-to-government documents from 4 crises, 2 of which escalated to war and 2 of which were peacefully resolved. In the archival documents, concession making was positively associated with aff...

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This study investigates the use of concessive discourse markers (DMs) in Jordanian Arabic (JA), particularly relying on a corpus analysis naturally occurring data. It argues that there are mainly two types concession JA: extrinsic and intrinsic concession. The shown to differ from each other with respect Kratzer’s compatibility propositions. Intrinsic occurs when speaker has manifest intention/...

This research addresses the reoccurrence of forest fires and their size with regional-spatial information. study is attained to Sustainable Development Goal in year 2030 (climate action life on land) consistent mission JISDeP. Probit tobit regression analyses were applied panel data from 2015 2018 Indonesia observations forest-fire events, peatland, area, timber concession an annual basis. Such...

Health insurance companies cover half of the United States population through commercial employer-sponsored health plans and pay 1.2 trillion US dollars every year to medical expenses for their members. The actuary underwriter roles at a company serve assess which risks take on how price those ensure profitability organization. While Bayesian hierarchical models are current standard in industry...

Prices for goods such as blades for razors, ink for printers and concessions at movies are often set well above cost. This paper empirically analyzes concession sales data from a chain of Spanish theaters to demonstrate that high prices on concessions reflect a profitable price discrimination strategy often referred to as “metering price discrimination.” Concessions are found to be purchased in...