We report the simulation results for impact of nonlinear Kerr effect on band structures of a ‎two dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC) with no defect, a PhC based W1-waveguide ‎‎(W1W), and also Coupled-Cavity Waveguides (CCWs). All PhC structres are assumed to a ‎square lattice of constant a made of GaAs rods of radius r=0.2a, in an air background. The ‎numerical simulation was performed using...

the kinetic of photo oxidative decolorization of c.i. acid yellow 23 (ay23) was investigated in uv/ process. the semi-logarithmic of the concentrations of ay23 versus irradiation time were linear, suggesting pseudo-first order reaction. a simple kinetic model is proposed which confirms pseudo- first order reaction. the results indicate that the apparent reaction rate constant is a function of l...

We analyze the possibility of having a constant spatial NS-NS field, H123. Cosmologically, it will act as stiff matter, and there will be very tight constraints on the possible value of H123 today. However, it will give a noncommutative structure with an associative star product of the type θ = αǫx. This will be a fuzzy space with constant radius slices being fuzzy spheres. We find that gauge t...

We employ the light cone QCD sum rules to calculate ∆πN coupling constant by studying the two point correlation function between the vacuum and the pion state. Our result is consistent with the traditional QCD sum rules calculations and it is in agreement with the experimental value. ∗[email protected] †[email protected]

In this study we report on the effects of constant light (CL) on the refractive development and ocular morphology of White Leghorn chicks (Cornell K-strain). Refractive state and corneal curvature were measured by IR photoretinoscopy and IR keratometry respectively. The axial lengths of the ocular components were measured by A-scan ultrasonography. We find that constant light produces significa...

In an effort to extend the sorts of lighting models used in real-time computer graphics, this paper presents several area light source models, including Lambertian and Phong illumination from constant and cosine-falloff hemispherical light sources, constant subhemispherical light sources, and constant polygonal light sources. The subhemispherical lighting model can also be used to represent ill...

We evaluated the effect of exposure to constant light started at the age of 1 month and at the age of 14 months on the survival, life span, tumorigenesis and age-related dynamics of antioxidant enzymes activity in various organs in comparison to the rats maintained at the standard (12:12 light/dark) light/dark regimen. We found that exposure to constant light started at the age of 1 month accel...