We introduce a new and highly efficient synthetic protocol towards multifunctional fluorescent cyclopeptides by solid-phase peptide macrocyclization via dipyrrin construction, with full scope of proteinogenic amino acids different ring sizes. Various bicyclic peptides can be created dipyrrin-based crosslinking double dipyrrin-ring formation. The embedded either transformed to BODIPY then utiliz...

This paper is a survey of greedy randomized adaptive search procedures (GRASP). GRASP is a multi-start or iterative procedure where each GRASP iteration consists of a construction phase, where a feasible solution is constructed, followed by a local search procedure that finds a locally optimal solution. The construction phase of GRASP is essentially a randomized greedy algorithm. Repeated appli...

Aperiodic crystals possess long-range order without translational symmetry. They constitute a state of matter that has forced profound paradigm shift in solid-state physics. A common feature aperiodic is they recover periodicity higher dimensional spaces, the so-called crystallographic superspaces. Much work been dedicated to structural within these superspaces and also their specific dynamics....

New calculus of the liquid-gas phase transition is developed for the canonical ensemble of asymmetric nuclear matter. In contrast to the familiar geometrical construction, the pressure and the chemical potentials are determined for de…nite values of the baryon densities of proton and neutron and the temperature. Because the derivatives of chemical potentials by pressure have discontinuities at ...