As large amounts of Linked Data are published on the Web, it is becoming apparent that the validity of published knowledge is not absolute, but often depends on time, location, topic, and other contextual attributes. Therefore, an increasingly perceived need for Semantic Web (SW) applications is the representation of the context of such knowledge and its formalization for using it in reasoning ...

Correct handling of names and binders is an important issue in meta-programming. This paper presents an embedding of constraint logic programming into the αML functional programming language, which provides a provably correct means of implementing proof search computations over inductive definitions involving names and binders modulo α-equivalence. We show that the execution of proof search in ...

OBJECTIVE The term Health Information Exchange (HIE) is often used in health informatics, yet uncertainties remain about its precise meaning. This study aimed to capture and analyse existing definitions in order to map variations in its use and the concepts associated with it. METHODS Systematic literature search to identify published definitions of HIE and equivalent terms such as Clinical I...

Calculi of indefinite and definite descriptions are presented, and interpreted in Martin-Löf’s intensional type theory. The interpretations are formalizations of the implicit ideas found in the literature of constructive mathematics: if we have proved that an element with a certain property exists, we speak of ’the element such that the property holds’ and refer by that phrase to the element co...

Most web sites provide display advertising and contextual advertising services simultaneously, which are the main ad formats in Internet. With multimedia format, the pricing of display ads is generally based on the occurrence of ad impressions. However, targeting their customers more accurately, contextual ads are performance based advertisements and are charged only if one visitor clicks a cli...

Definitions of sexual behavior display a robust hierarchy of agreement regarding whether or not acts should be classed as, for example, sex or virginity loss. The current research offers a theoretical explanation for this hierarchy, proposing that sexual definitions display graded categorical structure, arising from goodness of membership judgments. Moderation of this graded structure is also p...

The animation of synthetic faces is still a low-level process requiring much human expertise and hw/sw resources. The constraint-based facial animation editor system, FESINC, provides two kinds of support: allows the a-priory, declarative definition of dynamical expressions and requirements, and assures that while making the animation, these requirements are fulfilled. The novelty of the approa...

Ontologies define classes of entities and their interrelations. They are used to organize data according to a theory of the domain. Towards that end, ontologies provide class definitions (i.e., the necessary and sufficient conditions for defining class membership). In medical ontologies, it is often difficult to establish such definitions for diseases. We use three examples (anemia, leukemia an...

A natural language understanding system is described which extracts contextual information from Japanese texts. It integrates syntactic, semantic and contextual processing serially. The syntactic analyzer obtains rough syntactic structures from the text. The semantic analyzer treats modifying relations inside noun phrases and case relations among verbs and noun phrases. Then, the contextual ana...

Models of errors during routine sequential action are typically interface-independent. We present here evidence that different task spatial layouts, however, result in different patterns of sequence errors. We explain this data by expanding upon the Memory for Goals framework’s activation-based, sequential process to include environmental (such as visual) contextual cues, as well as a richer pr...