Received May 9, 1991; revised manuscript received February 14, 1992; accepted February 25, 1992 The mismatch in the number of degrees of freedom supported by volume holograms and the boundary fields that control them limits the dynamic range of recorded holograms. For holograms controlled by using fractal sampling grids, the maximum dynamic range falls inversely with the minimum number of expos...

There are many organic ions inside the cell which do not leak out of the cell membrane. This creates excess osmotic pressure for the inside of the cell. Since the membrane is permeable to water and is not mechanically strong enough to withstand significant osmotic pressure differences, the cell cannot maintain its volume and will tend to burst. Depending on the organism, there are three ways to...

The purpose of the present study was the simulation of climate change effects on groundwater resources in Iran by using the dynamic systems approach. The approach was performed through system dynamics modeling process including problem explanation, system description, model development, model testing, and the use of the model for policy analysis. The impact of the application of various exogeno...

[This corrects the article on p. 217 in vol. 11, PMID: 25709464.].

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jet impingement heat transfer is an effective and practical approach that is employed in many industrial processes where heating, cooling, or drying is required. details of the heat or mass transfer rate have been investigated both experimentally and numerically and can be found in the published literature. in most of the numerical studies, control-volume approach has been employed to solve the...