On 22 September 2012, a novel coronavirus, very closely related to that from a fatal case in Saudi Arabia three months previously, was detected in a previously well adult transferred to intensive care in London from Qatar with severe respiratory illness. Strict respiratory isolation was instituted. Ten days after last exposure, none of 64 close contacts had developed severe disease, with 13 of ...

Non-specific symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections make it difficult for many countries without ongoing transmission of a novel coronavirus to rule out other possibilities including influenza before isolating imported febrile individuals with a possible exposure history. The incubation period helps differential diagnosis, and up to two days is suggestive of influenza. It is worth inclu...

Everybody in the poultry industry is well aware of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the coronavirus of the chicken (Gallus gallus), associated with respiratory disease, but also with disorders of the reproductive and urogenitory systems. US turkey producers are familiar with coronavirus disease (enteric) in turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo), the rest of the world much less so. Studies in the UK h...

Nonstructural protein 15 (Nsp15) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) produced in Escherichia coli has endoribonuclease activity that preferentially cleaved 5' of uridylates of RNAs. Blocking either the 5' or 3' terminus did not affect cleavage. Double- and single-stranded RNAs were both substrates for Nsp15 but with different kinetics for cleavage. Mn(2+) at 2 to 10 ...

Rotaviruses are the leading cause and coronaviruses are the major contributors of acute gastroenteritis in the young of various mammalian and avian species. Despite numerous trials and decades of research, vaccines have limited efficacy particularly for calves. As an alternative method of controlling infection, we have investigated broad spectrum antiviral agents that are not discriminatory amo...

In 2007, a novel coronavirus associated with an acute respiratory disease in alpacas (Alpaca Coronavirus, ACoV) was isolated. Full-length genomic sequencing of the ACoV demonstrated the genome to be consistent with other Alphacoronaviruses. A putative additional open-reading frame was identified between the nucleocapsid gene and 3'UTR. The ACoV was genetically most similar to the common human c...

Evidence of person-to-person transmission within a family cluster of novel coronavirus infections, United Kingdom, February 2013 4 by The Health Protection Agency (HPA) UK Novel Coronavirus Investigation team Nosocomial outbreak of disseminated orf infection in a burn unit, Gaziantep, Turkey, October to December 2012 11 by K Midilli, A Erkılıç, M Kuşkucu, H Analay, S Erkılıç, N Benzonana, MS Yı...

The mobile genetic element s2m has been described in several families of single-stranded RNA viruses. The function remains elusive, but an increasing number of s2m-containing sequences are being deposited in publicly available databases. Currently, more than 700 coronavirus sequences containing s2m can be found in GenBank, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus genom...

28 Antigenic group 2 coronavirus was detected in a fecal sample of an adult alpaca by RT-PCR. The 29 presence of alpaca coronavirus (ApCoV) in the small intestine was demonstrated by immune30 histochemistry using an anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibody that reacts with group 2 31 coronaviruses. Other common causes of diarrhea in adult camelids were not detected. We conclude 32 that nutritional...