The National Health and Medical Research Council has recently issued guidelines on colo-rectal cancer, and given significant support to Colorectal Cancer Screening. However, the evidence of cost-effectiveness is inconclusive according to the Cochrane Centre. I argue that it would be wise to undertake trials that are appropriately funded. Otherwise, there is a risk that much money will be spent ...

INTRODUCTION Pregnancy and the first few years of a child's life are important windows of opportunity in which to equalise life chances. A Better Start (ABS) is an area-based intervention being delivered in five areas of socioeconomic disadvantage across England. This protocol describes an evaluation of the impact and cost-effectiveness of ABS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The evaluation of ABS compr...

Vitamin A enriched rice (Golden Rice) is a cost-efficient solution that can substantially reduce health costs. Despite Golden Rice being available since early 2000, this rice has not been introduced in any country. Governments must perceive additional costs that overcompensate the benefits of the technology to explain the delay in approval. We develop a real option model including irreversibili...

Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) solutions for network-oriented defense will improve operational capabilities, flexibility and cost efficiency. The realization can be evolutionary, starting with networking of existing systems.

When health effects can be valued in monetary terms, as in cost-benefit analysis, they should be discounted at the same rate as costs. If health effects are measured in quantities (e.g. quality adjusted life years) as in cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and the value of health effects is increasing over time, discounting the volume of health effects at a lower rate than costs is a valid method...

A novel procedure to find cost-optimal sensor networks is proposed. Cost is minimized subject to qualibing constraints that are related to certain requirements of data reconciliation. One basic qualibing constraint is a desired level of precision of reconciled values for a selected set of variables. Since precision requirements lead to multiple solutions, other qualifying constraints are propos...

In this paper, we will describe the planner UPWARDS, competing in the sixth international planning competition. Our primary focus will be on the novel contributions of the planner: in particular, the application of symmetry breaking, mobile analysis and tunnel macros in sequential cost-optimal SAS+ planning. A brief outline of UPWARDS itself is then

Overall, occupational therapy seems reasonably well situated to prosper in a cost-conscious environment of the future. But the profession's standing in the next century will depend on its ability to build on its strengths and assist in cost containment by avoiding unnecessary or duplicative services and by fostering versatility through the education of generalists. Above all, the profession mus...

OBJECTIVE This article explores key principles of comparative effectiveness analysis--in particular, how radiologic comparative and cost-effectiveness studies differ from other clinical trials. Exemplary studies are reviewed to show how comparative effectiveness has been implemented in radiology and how future studies might be conducted. Finally, the article closes with a discussion of several ...