Several nonaflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus have been registered in the United States to reduce aflatoxin accumulation in maize and other crops, but there may be unintended negative consequences if these strains produce cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). AF36, a nonaflatoxigenic, CPA-producing strain has been shown to produce CPA in treated maize and peanuts. Alternative strains, including Af...

Mauban, Joseph R. H., Katherine Wilkinson, Christian Schach, and Jason X.-J. Yuan. Histamine-mediated increases in cytosolic [Ca ] involve different mechanisms in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 290: C325–C336, 2006. First published September 14, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00236.2005.—Agonist stimulation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscl...

Problem: The associations between different forms of childhood violence (parental and nonparental child physical abuse [CPA], parental and nonparental child sexual abuse [CSA], and domestic violence [DV]) and adult CPA risk have not been thoroughly examined. A study is needed to examine the effects of different forms of childhood violence on both adult attachment and adult CPA risk to determine...

The synthetic steroid cyproterone acetate (CPA) has been reported to be hepatogenotoxic in female rats depending on sex-specific expression of a hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (HST) which is involved in the bioactivation of CPA to reactive metabolites. In the present study the ability of CPA to initiate apoptosis in rat hepatocytes in vitro was investigated with respect to sex-specific effects...

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for neoplasias. It is a DNA and protein alkylating agent having a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of neoplasms including breast cancer. The therapeutic effectiveness of CPA is limited by the high-dose hematopoietic, renal, and cardiac toxicity that accompanies the systemic distribution of liver-derived activated drug met...

Regulation of renal apical Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) activity by adenosine has been suggested to contribute to acute control of mammalian Na(+) homeostasis. The mechanism by which adenosine controls NHE3 activity in a renal cell line was examined. The adenosine analog, N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) exerts a bimodal effect on NHE3: CPA concentrations >10(-8) M inactivate NHE3, whereas concentr...

This paper discusses the enrichment of WordNet data through merging of WordNet concepts and Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA) semantic types. The 253 CPA semantic types are mapped to the respective WordNet concept. As a result of mapping, the hyponyms of a synset to which a CPA semantic type is mapped inherit not only the respective WordNet semantic primitive but also the CPA semantic type.

We employ random matrix theory in order to investigate coherent perfect absorption (CPA) in lossy systems with complex internal dynamics. The loss strength γ_{CPA} and energy E_{CPA}, for which a CPA occurs, are expressed in terms of the eigenmodes of the isolated cavity-thus carrying over the information about the chaotic nature of the target-and their coupling to a finite number of scattering...

OBJECTIVE This paper examined the relationship between exposure to sexual and physical abuse (CSA and CPA) in childhood and later educational achievement outcomes in late adolescence and early adulthood in a birth cohort of over 1,000 children studied to age 25. METHOD Retrospective data on CSA and CPA were gathered at ages 18 and 21 and used to form a best estimate of exposure to CSA and CPA...

Although CPA (Canonical/Parallel factor Analysis) provides a unique decomposition, the actual computation can be made more robust by incorporating extra constraints. In several applications, the factors in one mode are known to be statistically independent. On the other hand, in Independent Component Analysis (ICA), it often makes sense to impose a Khatri-Rao structure on the mixing vectors. In...