Pharmacological treatment plays an essential role in controlling chronic conditions such as hypercholesterolemia; however, patients' adherence to long-term therapies for chronic diseases is crucial to achieve optimal health outcomes (1). Further than medication adherence, pharmacological care is affected by the prescribing inappropriateness and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (2). ADRs can lead t...

AIM The effect of two jumping competitions, performed in two consecutive weekends, on serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine (CREA) concentrations were evaluated in 12 healthy jumper horses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood sampling was performed before the 1(st) day of competition (T0), at the end of each show (J1, J...

Council Regulation (EC) no. 1099/2009 on the protection of animals at the time of killing restricts the use of manual cervical dislocation in poultry on farms in the European Union (EU) to birds weighing up to 3 kg and 70 birds per person per day. However, few studies have examined whether repeated application of manual cervical dislocation has welfare implications and whether these are depende...

The LKB 8600 Reaction Rate Analyzer sold in the United States, is equipped with a “delay switch,” whereas the same instrument sold in Canada measures time rate reactions immediately after the addition of the initiating reagent, without provision for delay. Therefore, “lag-phases” of any enzyme reaction are recorded with the Canadian version. One of the basics of zero-order kinetic assays is the...

The process capability index Cpk has been widely used in the manufacturing industry to provide numerical measures on process performance. Since Cpk is a yield-based index which is independent of the target T, it fails to account for process centering with symmetric tolerances, and presents an even greater problem with asymmetric tolerances. Pearn and Chen (1998) considered a new generalization ...

The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzyme distributions in tissues of the ICR mouse, Wistar rat, guinea pig and golden hamster were analyzed by histoelectrophoresis. Tissues obtained were as follows: liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine, heart, femoral muscle, uterus, kidney, spleen, lymph node, cerebrum, spinal cord and erythrocyte. Histoelectrophoresis wa...

The specificity of serum CPK-MB for acute myocardial infarction was examined by retrospective analysis of 401 consecutive patients admitted to a Coronary Care Unit over a three and one-half year period with suspected infarction in whom the isoenzyme was subsequently detected. Four patients (1% ) who died during the hospital admission had no autopsy evidence of acute myocardial infarction. All f...

To assess myocardial infarction quantitatively in 15 mm thick transverse sections of the canine heart in vivo we utilized a new technique, positron emission transaxial tomography (PETT) and cyclotron-produced 11C-palmitate (11C-P) injected intravenously. Results were compared to regional myocardial creatine phosphokinase (CPK) depletion, diminished 14C-palmitate accumulation in tissue extracts,...

The history, clinical presentation, and management of malignant hyperpyrexia are presented. The aetiology seems to be associated with some inherited abnormality which affects the movement and binding of calcium ions in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, sarcoplasm, and mitochondria. Whether this is a primary muscular defect or secondary to some trophic neural influence is yet to be established. The su...