PURPOSE Camptothecin (CPT) has potent broad-spectrum antitumor activity by inhibiting type I DNA topoisomerase (DNA topo I). It has not been used clinically because it is water-insoluble and highly toxic. As a result, irinotecan (CPT-11), a water-soluble analogue of CPT, has been developed and used as salvage chemotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma, but with only modest activ...

BACKGROUND Limited data exist on cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment (CPT) in pregnant women, including protection against malaria versus standard intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp). METHODS Using observational data we examined the effect of CPT in HIV-infected pregnant women on malaria during pregnancy, low birth weight and preterm birth using proportional...

Liposome formulations of camptothecins have been actively pursued because of the potential for significant pharmacologic advantages from successful drug delivery of this important class of anticancer drugs. We describe nanoliposomal CPT-11, a novel nanoparticle/liposome construct containing CPT-11 (irinotecan) with unprecedented drug loading efficiency and in vivo drug retention. Using a modifi...

The regulation of hepatic mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) was studied in rats during starvation and insulin-dependent diabetes and in rat H4IIE cells. The Vmax. for CPT-I in hepatic mitochondrial outer membranes isolated from starved and diabetic rats increased 2- and 3-fold respectively over fed control values with no change in Km values for substrates. Regulation of mal...

CPT (carnitine palmitoyltransferase) II muscle deficiency is the most common form of muscle fatty acid metabolism disorders. In contrast to carnitine deficiency, it is clinically characterized by attacks of myalgia and rhabdomyolysis without persistent muscle weakness and lipid accumulation in muscle fibers. The biochemical consequences of the disease-causing mutations are still discussed contr...

A water-insoluble antitumor agent, camptothecin (CPT) was successfully incorporated into polymeric micelles formed from poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(benzyl aspartate) block copolymers (CPT-loaded polymeric micelles). Antitumor effects and biodistribution of CPT-loaded micelles were evaluated in mice subcutaneously transplanted by colon 26 tumor cells. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited afte...

Irinotecan [7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11)] is metabolized by esterases to yield the potent topoisomerase I poison 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin. One of the major side effects observed with CPT-11 is gastrointestinal toxicity, and we supposed that this might be due to local activation of CPT-11 within the gut. Carboxylesterase (CE) activity was detec...

Objectives. The Cognitive Performance Test (CPT) is a functional assessment for persons with dementia. The study purpose was to evaluate the reliability, discriminant, and concurrent validity of the CPT. Method. The CPT was tested against other measures of cognition (Standardized Mini Mental Status Exam (SMMSE) and Assessment of Motor and Process Skills-Process scale (AMPS-Process)). Participan...

Camptothecin (CPT) derivatives have emerged as a promising group of chemotherapeutic agents. The FDA has approved the CPT derivatives topotecan and irinotecan for second line treatment of ovarian cancer and metastatic colorectal cancer, respectively. These and other CPT derivatives have become part of the multi-million dollar industry that is dedicated to finding better chemotherapeutic agents ...

BACKGROUND Combined physical therapy (CPT) is the treatment of choice for patients with lymphedema. Intensive stage CPT (I-CPT) results in a substantial reduction of the size of lymphedema, while the second stage CPT (M-CPT) maintains the achieved result for many years. AIM The article analyses the outcome M-CPT for 5 years in patients with lymphedema after mastectomy. METHODS Forty patient...