Early puberty in 28 children (23 girls, five boys) treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) at a mean age of 4.0 years (range 1.4-7.8) is described. All but one had received prophylactic cranial irradiation (1800-2400 cGy) and three children had received additional cranial or craniospinal irradiation as treatment for relapse of their leukaemia. Mean age for the onset of puberty was 8.8 (...

Effect of various immunomodulators in combination with chemotherapeutic agents were studied using EN-L2C cell line, an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of inbred strain-2 guinea pig. Results obtained were followings. 1) Typical leukemic cells appeared in peripheral blood 12 days after the inoculation of 10, cells and the hosts died within 5 days. When EN-L2C cells were inoculated together wit...

Due to advances in therapeutic regimes of malignant brain tumors in childhood the survival rates have significantly improve over the last decades. Besides neurological problems, long-term survivors of child brain tumors are at high risk of developing irradiation induced hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, primary hypothyroidism and severe growth retardation due to diminished growth of the spine...

BACKGROUND Radiation therapy plays a central role in the management of many childhood malignancies and Helical Tomotherapy (HT) provides potential to decrease toxicity by limiting the radiation dose to normal structures. The aim of this article was to report preliminary results of our clinical experience with HT in pediatric malignancies. METHODS In this study 66 consecutive patients younger ...

Aim. To study the traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), indicators of endothelial function and exercise tolerance in patients received complex treatment cranial craniospinal tumors childhood, including radiation therapy. Material methods . We compared examination data 48 who underwent brain using irradiation childhood (mean age, 21,7±4,3 years, mean period after end treatme...

In craniospinal irradiation, field matching is very sensitive to intrafraction positional uncertainties in cranio-caudal direction, which could lead severe overdoses/underdoses inside the planning target volume. During last decade, significant efforts were made develop volumetric-modulated arc therapy strategies, less setup uncertainties. this study, a treatment system-integrated method, named ...

Radiation therapy for medulloblastoma consists of postoperative irradiation of the intracranial and spinal subarachnoid volume with an additional boost to the primary site of disease in the posterior fossa. The entire posterior fossa is usually included in the boost volume. Conformal radiation therapy techniques may be used to boost the primary site alone and substantially reduce the dose recei...