This paper explores the relationship between the allocation of target hardening and burglary risk based on recent research in the City of Liverpool. Individual property-level data from a range of sources was collated for each residential property in the city using a unique property reference number. This produced a rich data set enabling burglary and target hardening activity to be analysed thr...

This paper argues for more frequent use of surveys and interviews to advance the criminology of place, and to improve current evaluations of place-specific crime prevention interventions by police, community groups, and others. Interview methodologies can produce reliable information about critical social processes and perceptions—data that are not obtainable through other methods. However, bec...

Data mining is a way to extract knowledge out of usually large data sets; in other words it is an approach to discover hidden relationships among data by using artificial intelligence methods. The wide range of data mining applications has made it an important field of research. Criminology is one of the most important fields for applying data mining. Criminology is a process that aims to ident...

Criminal events are understood in the context of complex interactions between the most important elements of crime, namely: the law, the offender, the target and the place. We outline here an abstract formal framework for describing these elements and their relationships in computational terms. The framework is based on the Abstract State Machine (ASM) method and provides typical elements requi...

Criminology arrived in Peru by the late 1880s, and with it the promise of both scientific explanations of crime and effective policies of crime control. As in Europe, Peruvian criminologists also debated the relative importance of biological and social factors in explaining crime tendencies. This article reviews the adoption and early developments of positivist criminology in Peru. It shows tha...

The core claim of this article is that critical criminology offers us an especially potent framework for interpreting state-corporate crime with the health care industry in United States as one illustrative case, particularly context COVID-19 crisis. unprecedented, surreal pandemic crisis surfaced 2020 brought into sharp relief many claims relation to domination, inequality and injustice within...