a basic assumption of madm methods such as saw and topsis is the statistical independence of criteria. violating this assumption would result in erroneous decisions. however, there are many cases in which criteria are dependent and based on this situation decision has to be made. in this paper, an approach based on the property of principal component analysis (pca) in producing independent vari...

Photovoltaic panel performance in terms of its efficiency and durability is severely affected by operating temperature when the much higher than nominal cell hot climates. Different cooling methods have been reported over several decades, but photovoltaic manufacturers or users are yet to adopt a popular method cooling. This main concern present work. Potential solutions differ their criteria f...

In this paper, we evaluate the most optimal service delivery method that can be implemented by both governmental and private sectors to an effective customers. They include conventional delivery, E-services (online), M-services (smart phones), robotic process automation (RPA). Benefits costs were considered in evaluation process. technical feasibility, efficiency, security, reliability, innovat...

Multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques are developed to address challenging classification problems arising in engineering management and elsewhere. MCDA consists of a set of principles and tools to assist a decision maker (DM) to solve a decision problem with a finite set of alternatives compared according to two or more criteria, which are usually conflicting. The three types o...