Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may improve plant performance at disturbed sites, but inoculation may also suppress root colonization by native AMF and decrease the diversity of the root-colonizing AMF community. This has been shown for the roots of directly inoculated plants, but little is known about the stability of inoculation effects, and to which degree the inoculant a...

The phenology of tick emergence has important implications for the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. A long lag between the emergence of tick nymphs in spring and larvae in summer should increase transmission of persistent pathogens by allowing infected nymphs to inoculate the population of naive hosts that can subsequently transmit the pathogen to larvae to complete the transmission cycle....

During a study of the effect of soil temperature on the development of a tobacco mosaic, frenching was observed on the plants at the higher soil temperatures. Since this is apparently the first time, JONES (3), that soil temperature has been recognized as a factor in inducing frenching of tobacco, Nicotiana Tabacum L., it seemed important that the technique be developed as a possible means of d...

In the simplest version of this activity, students inoculate a yeast suspension into glucose solutions of several concentrations. The glucose disappears, and the amount of CO2 produced is directly proportional to the initial amount of sugar in solution. This suggests a simple model of yeast fermentation. To challenge this model, students can perform parallel experiments in which the glucose con...

Cocoa pulp fermentation is a spontaneous process during which the natural microbiota present at cocoa farms is allowed to ferment the pulp surrounding cocoa beans. Because such spontaneous fermentations are inconsistent and contribute to product variability, there is growing interest in a microbial starter culture that could be used to inoculate cocoa pulp fermentations. Previous studies have r...

From the many existing documents on the history of rabies in animals, it is possible to describe with precision the practical measures adopted for the surveillance and control of rabies in animals from antiquity until the 18th century. Surveillance is based on clinical diagnosis, post-mortem examination, animal inoculation and knowledge of the conditions under which infection occurred: aetiolog...

herein, we described the first case of self-inoculation in a veterinarian with bovine johne’s disease(bjd) attenuated vaccine in iran that required medical attention. a needle-stick injury to the right thumb of ayoung veterinarian during vaccination of cattle with bjd vaccine resulted in an inflammation that not onlyfailed to resolve but also progressed to a lesion 2.5 cm in diameter. the usual...

ABSTRACT Eyespot of wheat is caused by the discomycete fungi Tapesia yallundae and T. acuformis. T. yallundae is considered the most important causal agent of the disease in this region but no apothecia of either species have been found in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). Two compatible isolates of T. yallundae from the PNW were used to inoculate a field plot in the fall of 1998 and apothecia ...

in order to investigate the effects of seed inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) on germination components and seedling growth of corn (zea mays l.), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the seed technology laboratory of mohaghegh ardabili university, iran, during 2008. studied factors were: corn cultiv...

ABSTRACT Although the isolated effects of cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica and bacteria Azospirillum brasilense are well-known, co-inoculation both can promote other benefits to corn plants’ biological nitrogen fixation growth. The aim was evaluate initial growth chloroplast pigment levels hybrids co-inoculated with A. cylindrica. experiment conducted in greenhouse conditions using completely ...