Sperm cryopreservation is a great challenge, since many sperm are irreversibly damaged or present altered functionality after the whole process. Although components of extenders for sperm cryopreservation are quite similar between species, sperm from each of the species present peculiarities that force researchers to optimize the extenders and protocols for each particular species. In this revi...

Electromagnetic warming has a long history in cryobiology as a preferred method for recovering large tissue masses from cryopreservation, especially from cryopreservation by vitrification. It is less well-known that electromagnetic fields may be able to influence ice formation during cryopreservation by non-thermal mechanisms. Both theory and published data suggest that static and oscillating e...

Recent studies illustrate the potential for improving the cryopreservation of stem cells. Reduced DMSO concentrations in the cryopreservation medium, post thaw washing of cells and increased cell concentration have been actively studied. Standardization of cell processing has led to the study of liquid storage prior to cryopreservation, validation of mechanical (uncontrolled rate freezing) free...

Cellular therapy with stem and immune cells has demonstrated significant success both in clinical treatments and the industrial market. Cryopreservation is a necessary and essential component of cellular therapy. In this chapter, first of all, some basic theories of cryoinjury and techniques in cryopreservation are reviewed. Then it focuses on the progress of cryopreservation of stem cells and ...

Cryopreservation of Senegalese sole sperm can represent an alternative to overcome some reproductive problems of this species. However, it is important to guarantee the safe use of cryopreserved sperm by selecting an appropriate protocol according to a high demand quality need to be ensured. It has been demonstrated that traditional assays such as motility and viability do not provide enough in...

Diploidic germplasms such as embryos, compared to haploidic gametes, are theoretically a better choice for preservation of an animal species. However, there are significant challenges in cryopreservation of multicellular materials due to their size and physical complexity which affect the permeation of cryoprotectants and water, sensitivity to chilling and toxicity of cryoprotectants. While cry...

OBJECTIVE To review historical and contemporary advances in oocyte-cryopreservation techniques and outcomes. DESIGN Publications related to oocyte cryopreservation were identified through MEDLINE and other bibliographic databases. CONCLUSION(S) Oocyte cryopreservation can be used as an adjunct to conventional IVF and as an option for fertile women to electively cryopreserve their gametes. R...

Gamete cryopreservation combined with in vitro embryo production (IVP) and cryopreservation of resultant embryos are important technologies for gene banking in domestic animals. Especially, cryopreservation of embryos and oocytes offers the possibility for the preservation of female genetic lines. Although several vitrification protocols have been developed for the cryopreservation of embryos a...

BACKGROUND Despite interest in cryopreservation of individual or small number of human spermatozoa, to date, little data is available as regards its effectiveness. We systematically reviewed the outcome after cryopreservation of individual or small numbers of human spermatozoa in patients with severe male factor of infertility. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Systematic Revi...

The value of preserving high quality bio specimens for fundamental research is significant as linking cellular and molecular changes to clinical and epidemiological data has fueled many recent advances in medicine. Unfortunately, storage of traditional biospecimens is limited to fixed samples or isolated genetic material. Here, we report the effect of cryopreservation of routine myocardial biop...