A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) provides long-term venous access through a peripheral vein in an upper extremity. trained physician should insert PICC, but any medical professional, such as specially nurse, can perform insertion. Appropriate PICC placement reduces complications, malposition and malfunction of the catheter, thrombosis, infections, overall performance is better. C...

Hadoop MapReduce framework is an important distributed processing model for large-scale data intensive applications. The current Hadoop and the existing Hadoop distributed file system’s rack-aware data placement strategy in MapReduce in the homogeneous Hadoop cluster assume that each node in a cluster has the same computing capacity and a same workload is assigned to each node. Default Hadoop d...

Ommaya reservoir placement has been an option for patients requiring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) access since the 1960s. It is preferred to repeat lumbar punctures, both in terms of patient comfort and the consistency of intrathecal drug concentration. Technological developments have advanced the placement technique, allowing for better accuracy and reduced complications. Freehand placement was f...

BACKGROUND Accurate and precise tunnel placement is critical to the success of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. A new development, computer-assisted surgery, aids in placement of the ACL bone tunnels during surgery. Our hypothesis was that computer-assisted ACL reconstruction would allow more accurate and precise tunnel placement compared with conventional surgery. METHODS In ...

Introduction: Single-voxel H MR spectroscopy of human breast cancer has become increasingly common, with clinical applications in diagnosis and treatment monitoring, and multi-site clinical trials currently in progress. In order for these measurements to be useful in characterizing lesions, the MRS voxel placement must be accurate and consistent. Poor voxel placement creates partial volume erro...

recently many studies have been done on different issues of using multiple antennas at transmit and receive sides of a radar system in a mimo (multiple input multiple output) configuration. in addition, for the electronic warfare‟s purposes, the utilization of available signals of the environment to detect the targets has gained considerable attention in recent years. such passive radars use th...