BACKGROUND Based upon serology, >10 canine blood group systems have been reported. OBJECTIVE We surveyed dogs for dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 and 2 new blood types (Kai 1 and Kai 2), and some samples also were screened for Dal and DEA 3, 4, and 7. METHODS Blood samples provided by owners, breeders, animal blood banks, and clinical laboratories were typed for DEA 1 by an immunochromatogr...

Constructed wetland treatment of swine wastewater probably involves substantial denitrification. Our objective was to assess denitrification and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) in such wetlands in relation to plant communities, N loading, carbon or nitrogen limitations, and water depth. Two wetland cells each 3.6 m wide and 33.5 m long were connected in series. One set of cells was plante...

In original data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, the data for all inputs and outputs are known exactly. When some inputs and outputs are unknown decision variables, such as interval data, ordinal data, and ratio bounded data, the DEA model is called imprecise DEA (IDEA). In this paper, We develop an alternative approach based upon slacksbased measure of efficiency (SBM) for dealing with inte...

Dissociative electron attachment (DEA) is the major process where molecules are destroyed in low-energy plasmas. DEA cross sections are therefore important for a whole variety of applications but are both hard to measure or compute accurately. A method for estimating DEA cross sections based a simple resonance plus survival model is presented. Test results are presented for DEA of molecular oxy...

This paper uses the DEA models to rank the efficiency of Indian non-life insurance firms over the period 2008-2013 with Expenses, Capital, Premium and Investment income variables in the modelling. These basic DEA models identify adequately the inefficient firms, but are weak in discriminating among those found to be efficient. To improve the discrimination, we used the Cross-Efficiency and the ...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is recognized as a powerful analytical research tool for performance evaluations by obtaining empirical estimates of relations between multiple inputs and multiple outputs. In order to further embody the hierarchical structures of numerous performance evaluation problems in the DEA framework, a generalized multiple layer DEA (MLDEA) model is proposed, and its lin...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming formulation based technique that provides an efficient frontier to suggest an estimate of the relative efficiency of each decision making unit (DMU) in a problem set. DEA is developed around the concept of evaluating the efficiency of a decision alternative based on its performance of creating outputs in means of input consumption. B...

Economic, social and environmental dimensions are usually accepted as the three pillars of sustainable development. However, current methodologies for the assessment of the sustainability of product systems fail to cover economic, environmental and social parameters in a single combined approach. Even though the perfect methodology is still far off, this article attempts to provide insights on ...

To better understand temporal variability in soil denitrification, denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) and denitrifier populations (as determined by most-probable-number [MPN] counts) were measured in field and laboratory experiments. Measurements of DEA and MPN provided highly contradictory indications of denitrifier dynamics. In laboratory incubations, under conditions favoring active denitrif...

Data envelopment analysis technique which is developed based on the mathematical programming, evaluates the relative efficiency of a set of homogeneous decision making units. This paper shows the method of Discriminant Analysis (DA), on Imprecise Data by Data Envelopment 724 F. Hosseinzadeh Lotfi et al Analysis (DEA). DEA-Discriminant Analysis (DEA-DA) is designed to identify the existence or n...