Author Steven Zeisel believes DEA could induce fetal neural abnormalities in humans, too. “It’s hard to estimate human exposure, but we believe the mice had exposures about ten times higher,” he says, assuming that people bathe and shampoo daily with DEA-containing products, and use DEAcontaining sunscreen. “There’s no reason to believe we wouldn’t see similar effects in humans.” The authors no...

In this paper, a novel approach combining fuzzy data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is proposed to rank units with multiple fuzzy criteria. The hybrid fuzzy DEA/AHP approach derives the AHP pairwise comparisons by fuzzy DEA and utilizes AHP to fully rank units. It shows that the proposed approach generates a logical ranking of units that has perfect com...

BACKGROUND Denitrification is an important ecosystem service that removes nitrogen (N) from N-polluted watersheds, buffering soil, stream, and river water quality from excess N by returning N to the atmosphere before it reaches lakes or oceans and leads to eutrophication. The denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) assay is widely used for measuring denitrification potential. Because DEA is a fun...

This paper reviews the system of the evaluation methods for performance of information system (IS) and their deficiencies. Based on these, the feasibility and necessity to measure the performance from the input/output viewpoint are emphasized. Then, this paper introduces four basic models of data envelopment analysis and selects YMK-DEA and C 2 GS 2 -ISS models for the evaluation of performance...

Despite the large uses of inverse DEA models, there is not any single application of inverse linear programming in DEA when the definition of inverse linear programming is taken under account. Thus the goal of this paper is applying the inverse linear programming into DEA field, and to provide a streamlined approach to DEA and Additive model. Having the entire efficient DMUs in DEA models is a...

Amiodarone (AM) is a potent antidysrhythmic agent that can cause potentially life-threatening pulmonary fibrosis, and N-desethylamiodarone (DEA), an AM metabolite, may contribute to AM toxicity. Apoptotic cell death in nontransformed human peripheral lung epithelial 1A (HPL1A) cells was assessed by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (ann-V) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-m...

Two methods based on ion chromatography (IC) were developed for the detection of methyl and ethyl alkyl amines (methylamine (MA), ethylamine (EA), dimethylamine (DMA), diethylamine (DEA), trimethylamine (TMA) and triethylamine (TEA)) and NH(3)/NH(4)(+) in online atmospheric gas-particle and size-resolved particulate samples. The two IC methods were developed to analyze samples collected with an...

BACKGROUND Dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1.1 is the most important RBC antigen clinically, as it is highly immunogenic and causes acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR) in sensitized dogs. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of DEA 1.1 expression in 4 Turkish dog breeds, and to estimate the potential risk of HTR when blood from a DEA 1.1-positive donor is ad...

This paper proposes a new efficiency benchmarking methodology that is capable of incorporating probability while still preserving the advantages of a distribution-free and nonparametric modeling technique. This new technique developed in this paper will be known as the DEA-Chebyshev model. The foundation of DEA-Chebyshev model is based on the model pioneered by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes in 19...