March, 2000 AFRICA N John Cohen was a product of the democratic frontier ethos of the American West. A rigorous stickler for accuracy of detail and fidelity to the facts, he was at the same time an unwavering optimist. His writing and teaching was infused with a moral vision––that ordinary men and women are endowed with the innate capacity to solve their common problems, to learn from mistakes ...

This paper examines the need for standards to resolve ethical conflicts related to qualitative, on-line research. Practitioners working in the area of qualitative research gauged the breadth and depth of this need. Those practitioners identified several key ethical issues associated with qualitative on-line research, and felt that there should be a common ethics code to cover issues related to ...

Abstract China’s educational leaders have long debated the pluses and minuses of decentralization of control and resources of China’s vast educational enterprise. During various periods of post-1949 China, the central authorities have devolved control to the provinces, key cities, and rural communes, only to recentralize later usually due to political reforms. In this chapter various stages of ...

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This paper revisits the fiscal "decentralization theorem", by relaxing the role of the assumption that governments are benevolent, while retaining the assumption of policy uniformity. If instead, decisions are made by direct majority voting, (i) centralization can welfare-dominate decentralization even if there are no externalities and regions are heterogenous; (ii) decentralization can welfare...

Over time, various drivers affecting information technology architecture design have been proposed which favored either more centralization or decentralization. With the advent of RFID and other sensor technologies, the next inflection point heading towards decentralization might arise. This paper aims to improve the understanding of the decentralization debate by investigating the factors that...

This paper provides a comparative assessment of fiscal decentralization in China and India, including the standard components of expenditure and revenue assignments and institutions for intergovernmental transfers, as well as the nature of sub-national authorities over general economic activity. In particular, the case of China, where town and village enterprises have been very active, is contr...