Demand-side management (DSM) is the modification of consumer utilization manner for energy through various methods to smooth their power consumption curve and increase efficiency. Although DSM improves electricity grid stability protects environment, it allows customers reduce costs. The available literature classifies into two different areas: (i) efficiency (EE) (ii) demand response (DR). In ...

With increasing attention to climate change, the penetration level of renewable energy sources (RES) in electricity network is increasing. Due intermittency RES, gas-fired power plants could play a significant role backing up RES order maintain supply–demand balance. As result, interaction between gas and networks are significantly On other hand, due increase peak demand (e.g., electrification ...

Energy hub systems integrate various energy sources and interconnect different carriers in order to enhance the flexibility of system. In this paper, a cooperative framework is proposed which network hubs collaborate together share their resources reduce costs. Each has several including CHP, boiler, renewable sources, electrical chiller, absorption chiller. Moreover, storages are considered fo...

In case of high-impact low-probability events, in order to restore the critical loads distribution network as much possible, it is necessary employ all available resources such microgrids and distributed generations. This article presents a two-stage method for load restoration after an extreme event utilizing coordination generations, microgrids, demand response programs. first stage, postdisa...

in this present study the dissolved air flotation (daf) system was investigated for the treatment of kermanshah oil refinery wastewater. the effect of three parameters on flotation efficiency including of flow rate (outflow from the flotation tank), saturation pressure and coagulant dosage on chemical oxygen demand (cod) removal was examined experimentally. all the experiments were done under a...