The London penetration depth $$\lambda $$ is the basic length scale for electromagnetic behavior in a superconductor. Precise measurements of as function temperature, field and impurity scattering have been instrumental revealing nature order parameter pairing interactions variety superconductors discovered over past decades. Here we recount our development tunnel-diode resonator technique to m...

On the T −dependence of the magnetic penetration depth in unconventional superconductors at low temperatures: can it be linear? Abstract We present a thermodynamics argument against a strictly linear temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth, which applies to superconduc-tors with arbitrary pairing symmetry at low temperatures.

Radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) heating provide an important advantage of more rapid heat penetration in pasteurization processes for heat labile high value foods, which to date, have only been pasteurized by conductive heating. The objectives of this work were to determine the dielectric constant, loss factor and power penetration depth for salmon (0.8% and 2.3% total salt) and sturgeo...

Suppression of superconductivity due to the proximity effect between a superconductor and ferromagnet can be partially alleviated when Cooper pair simultaneously samples different directions short-range exchange field. The superconductor's critical temperature, ${T}_{C}$, is therefore expected recover in multidomain state, as opposed single-domain state. Here, we discuss series experiments perf...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Knowledge about optical parameters and the resultant light distribution in laser-treated tissue is important for predicting the effects of laser-induced thermotherapy of liver metastases (LITT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The absorption and scattering coefficients as well as the anisotropy factors and the optical penetration depths of human liver tissue and colorectal live...