ÐThe response of lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate piezoelectric ceramics to spherical microindentation was investigated. Force vs penetration depth curves obtained from instrumented indentation reveal that the indentation sti€ness depends on the material condition (i.e. poled vs unpoled) and the type of indentor (i.e. electrically conducting vs insulating). Good agreement was found b...

A systematic study of depth-sensing indentation was performed on nanocrystalline (nc) Ni–W alloys specially synthesized with controlled unidirectional gradients in plastic properties. A yield strength gradient and a roughly constant Young’s modulus were achieved in the nc alloys, using electrodeposition techniques. The force vs. displacement response from instrumented indentation experiments ma...

We derive an expression relating the axial load, the indentation depth, and the elastic constants of an orthotropic material, and simplify it to that for a cubic material (e.g., an FCC single crystal). We use this formula and results of three virtual (i.e., numerical) indentation tests on the same specimen oriented differently to find values of the elastic moduli, and show that they agree well ...

−A newly developed hardness test based on equivalent indentation depth is currently expected to be the only hardness test method that enables seamless evaluations of hardness across different hardness scales in all load ranges from nanoscopic to macroscopic in an industrial friendly manner because the new method is free from the shortcomings of the instrumented indentation method, which require...

Psychophysical tests on human subjects showed that judgments of skin indentation depth made when the fingertip was indented at rates from 0.2 to 16 mm/sec were quite insensitive to changes in indentation velocity. Similar results were obtained on the forearm at indentation velocities of 0.4 to 16 mm/sec. Recordings were made from mechanoreceptors in the monkey's hand that were able to respond o...

In this study, ultrasonic assisted machining (UAM) technique is applied in side-surface milling experiment for glass-ceramic workpiece material. The tungsten carbide cutting-tool with diamond coating is used in conjunction with two kinds of cooling/lubrication mediums such as water-soluble (WS) cutting fluid and minimum quantity lubricant (MQL). Full factorial process parameter combinations on ...

The accuracy of mechanical properties from depth-sensing indentation, or nanoindentation, depends on the accuracy of the displacement measurement used to calculate these properties. Here, current nanoindentation techniques and analysis methods for accurate displacement measurements are reviewed. First, the ability of a commercial instrument to sense the surface of soft materials is examined. Se...

Indentation methods are finding increasing use in the study of mechanical properties of bulk and thin-film materials over a wide range of size scales (e.g., [1,2]). With the increasing sophistication of instrumented, depth-sensing indentation equipment and of computational methods to model the deformation of materials subjected to indentation, there is growing interest in studying the elastopla...

Introduction Most in vivo indentation techniques are limited by the lack of adequate indentation on the plantar tissue. Without sufficient indentation into the soft tissue, only very little and less representative information can be obtained. The purpose of this study is hence to assess the effect of deformation depth on plantar tissue behavior and to establish a set rule of optimum indentation...