Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide (OPP) that is used as a pesticide for Chilo suppressalis (WLK) (Lep., Pyralidae) in rice fields. The extraction of diazinon from soil and the stems of rice plants has been carried out by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and the results compared with ultrasonic extraction (USE). The best parameters for MAE are hexane-acetone (8:2 v/v) as a solvent, ...

Four diazinon-degrading bacteria were isolated from agricultural soil by using an enrichment technique. The biochemical analysis and molecular method including RFLP indicated that these isolates were identical, and one strain designated DI101 was selected for further study. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the strain DI101 clearly belongs to the Serratia marcesc...

The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) is involved in mood disorder aetiology and it has been reported that (organophosphate) OP exposure affects 5-HT turnover. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying OP effects on the adult 5-HT system. First, acute in vivo administration of the OP diazinon (0, 1.3, 13 or 39 mg/kg i.p.) to male Hooded Lister rats inhibited the activity o...

The biodisposition of cocaine and norcocaine in blood and tissues of immunological importance in B6C3F1 mice following exposure to cocaine or cocaine plus an organophosphate esterase inhibitor, diazinon, is presented. Analysis of specimens was by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results from these studies indicate that pretreatment with diazinon significantly increases cocaine and norcocai...

There has been increasing interest in studying the various effects of organophosphate insecticides in humans and experimental animals. Only a few data are available on the effect of the organophosphate insecticide, diazinon, on lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diazinon on plasma lipid constituents in mammalian animals. The plasma levels of total cholesterol ...

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of tea and olive leaves extracts and their combination in male mice intoxicated with a sublethal concentration of diazinon. Exposure of mice to 6.5 mg/kg body weight of diazinon for seven weeks resulted in statistical increases of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, crea...

This paper describes the toxicity of organophosphorus pesticide diazinon in juvenile and adult terrestrial isopods Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea). The woodlice were exposed to different concentrations of diazinon added to food (5, 10, 50, and 100 or 150 micrograms/g dry food). Weight change and food assimilation efficiency were determined two and four weeks after the exposure. The activi...

For five agricultural regions in California, USA, detection frequency of diazinon in surface water and several aspects of its use were determined from recent data (2005-2010): application method, product formulation and primary crops. Diazinon detection frequencies ranged from 10% to 91%. Application method and product formulations used were similar in all regions. The primary crops treated var...

This study assessed the viability of using planted, mature rice fields in mitigating diazinon (an organophosphate insecticide) runoff toxicity using aqueous 48 h Hyalella azteca whole effluent toxicity bioassays. Rice fields decreased diazinon concentrations 80.1%-99.9% compared with 10.8% in the unvegetated field control. H. azteca survival responses coincided with observed diazinon concentrat...

Little is known about the potential carcinogenicity associated with routine application of diazinon, a common organophosphate insecticide. The authors explored a possible association of diazinon exposure with cancer risk in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina enrolled in 1993-1997. A total of 23,106 male applicators pr...