background: diazinon is a widely used organophosphate insecticide which is applied against plant pests. this compound has various side effects because it acts as an acetyl cholinesterase enzyme inhibitor. objective: the aim of present study was to investigate the effects of diazinon on pituitary–gonad axis and ovarian histological changes in rats. materials and methods: in total 50 female wista...

background & aim: electromagnetic waves can damage sex organs and cause hormonal disorders, whereas garlic is known as reducing risk factors for various diseases. the aim of this study was to investigate the probable effects of mobile phone radiation and consumption of garlic on estrogen and progesterone levels and ovarian changes. experimental: five groups of rats (n = 8) were used which g...

OBJECTIVE To define the long-term effects of GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, and estrogen plus progesterone treatments on apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expressions, including bcl2, bax, and cyt c in rat ovary. DESIGN Prospective placebo-controlled experimental study. SETTING Obstetrics and Gynecology and Medical Biology and Genetics university departments. ANIMAL(S) Forty female wis...

An acute dose of biotin (10 mg/100 g body weight) in two subcutaneous injections when given to a rat on day 1 and 2 of pregnancy, caused resorption of fetuses and placentae. Pregnancies under such biotin-treated conditions were maintained by continued estrogen or progesterone therapy. Biotin-treated pregnant rats failed to maintain normal levels of uterine weight, glycogen and protein as well a...

This study was conducted to see the effects of Clomiphene Citrate on fertility hormones estrogen, progesterone, LH, FSH in patients with infertility associated polycystic ovary syndrome. For this fifty infertile PCOS who were given treatment clomiphene citrate (50–150mg/day for 5 days). Ovarian response ovulation monitored by transvaginal ultrasonography and serum levels FSH, estrogen also esti...

August-Copenhagen-Irish (ACI) rats are unique in that the ovary-intact females develop high incidence of mammary cancers induced solely by hormones upon prolonged exposure to high levels of estrogen alone. Studies have also shown that such prolonged exposure to high-dose estrogen results in human-like aneuploid mammary cancers in ovary-intact ACI rats. To determine the role of progesterone in m...

BACKGROUND Ovarian follicular development is primarily dependent on pituitary gonadotropins. Identification of gonadotropin-inducible genes in the ovary is one of the effective approaches for the study of follicular development. In this study we identify rat homologue of p120, a nuclear transcription co-activator, as one of the FSH inducible genes in the rat granulosa cells. METHODS A full-le...

i read with interest the papers written by peyghambari et al (2008) and niknafs et al   nd   et al   et al   et al   et al   et al   et al   et al   (1994) did not observe any   advantage in the pregnancy rates when adding estrogen+progesterone at luteal phase in patients undergoing ivf (6). in conclusion, the mechanism of luteal phase support in assisted reproduction is complex and a controver...

Estrogen and progesterone, the main sex steroids mostly bound to plasma proteins while circulating in the bloodstream. Only unbound estrogen and progesterone are biologically active. Gonadotrophins like Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) promote ovulation and stimulate secretion of the sex hormones-estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries. These sex steroids stimu...