Flaxleaf fleabane is a difficult-to-control weed in dryland minimum tillage farming systems in the northeast grains region of Australia. Experiments were conducted between 2003 and 2005 to identify effective control strategies on flaxleaf fleabane in wheat and sorghum. A preplant application of chlorsulfuron at 15 g ai/ha in wheat controlled flaxleaf fleabane $ 90%. The efficacy of early postem...

BACKGROUND Subsurface transport via tile drains can significantly contribute to pesticide contamination of surface waters. The spatial variation in subsurface leaching of normally applied herbicides was examined together with phosphorus losses in 24 experimental plots with water sampled flow-proportionally. The study site was a flat, tile-drained area with 60% marine clay in the topsoil in sout...

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) are active substances in many weed-killer agents commonly used for the protection of crops. The literature data accompanied by our former studies showed that in weak-acid and neutral environments these compounds react with bivalent metal ions and form complexes of limited solubility in water. It was assumed th...

field experiments were conducted in amirkabir sugarcane agro-industry (khuzestan province, iran) farms to evaluate the efficacy of integrated chemical and mechanical methods in controlling weeds. experiments were carried out in a split plot-randomized complete blocks design with four replications. the main plot consisted of four mechanical treatments, namely: hilling up, sweep cultivator, disc ...

Photocatalytic remediation technology has been shown to be a favorable approach for the removal of range environmental pollutants in water treatment. While this can often achieve complete degradation, overlooked are reaction intermediates that potentially as harmful original parent compound. In case photocatalytic oxidation herbicide 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), we have recently ...

Abstract Three suspected resistant (R1, R2, and R3) corn marigold populations collected from winter cereal fields located in central Greece were studied to confirm elucidate the mechanisms of resistance acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors their competitive ability against barley. Whole-plant dose–response assays proved that three R highly cross-resistant ALS tribenuron, pyroxsulam + florasul...

introduction: water is the main carrier of herbicides (hc) that its quality plays an important role in herbicide performance hard water has a high concentration of ca++ and mg++ and reviews have shown that calcium, manganese and zinc are the main factors reducing the effectiveness of weak acid herbicides. weak acid herbicides such as glyphosate, paraquat, clethodim and 2, 4 d are compounds that...

Signals and Systems Group Uppsala University e-mail: [email protected] WWW: http://www.signal.uu.se Abstract | The use of array antennas in mobile telecommunication systems has proven to increase the spectral efficiency of the system. However, the use of anN element array antenna at the basestation site implies that the amount of radio hardware must be increasedN -fold. This will make bas...

A 3135 bp DNA segment downstream of the spl gene on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. An open reading frame capable of encoding a putative protein of 654 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 72.1 kDa was identified. The deduced amino acid sequence was similar to the McpA and McpB proteins of B. subtilis. McpA and McpB encode different...