The national economy of most countries is made up of various regions (provinces) with different industrial composition, financial structure, trade relations, and institutional environment. Depending on these characteristics, regions may respond differently to a uniform national macroeconomic policy. Policymakers should consider these heterogeneities to achieve the national development objective...

Indonesia has been recognized as a country with significant potential in agriculture, not only to be self-sufficient in terms of food, but also to be the “food basket” for the world. However, given limited and competing use of resources, raising agricultural productivity is of paramount importance. To date, most of the existing work on Indonesia’s agricultural sector is at the national level. C...

so quickly that the issue was exhausted within five months of publication. It has been well received by the Government of India, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Local Governments of Bengal, Madras, Punjab, the United Provinces, Assam, the Central Provinces, the North-West Frontier Provinces, Baluchistan, by the Nepal Durbar, and by several Native States. This augurs well for the fa...

Sir,?With reference to the article on the incidence of Pellagra in the United Provinces by Dr. N. Ahmad, published in the March issue of your esteemed journal, I would like to draw his attention to the review by Dr. T. K. Raman (1940) in the Journal of Indian Medical Research, Vol. XXVII, p. 743, where he has also given a good survey of the incidence and symptomatology of pellagra in India and ...

The rocks and sediments of the oceanic subsurface represent a diverse mosaic of environments potentially inhabited by microorganisms. Understanding microbial ecosystems in subseafloor environments confounds standard ecological descriptions in part because we have difficulty elucidating and describing the scale of relevant processes. Habitat characteristics impact microbial activities and growth...

social capital is the one the most multidiscipline concept that have special effects to facility human relations in the society. these effects showing themselves as consequences in thought of social sciences scientist and philosopher in various arena. according to theories considered different consequences for social capital that we examine some of them in this study. the method was survey. we ...

introduction: beta-thalassemia is the most common hereditary disease in iran. more than two million carriers of beta-thalassemia live in iran. since the iranian population is a mixture of different ethnic groups, it is necessary to determine the frequency  in the different parts of the country. materials and methods: this descriptive study is a cross sectional study with helping by professional...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess whether or not the change in coding classification had an impact on diagnosis and comorbidity coding in hospital discharge data across Canadian provinces. METHODS This study examined eight years (fiscal years 1998 to 2005) of hospital records from the Hospital Person-Oriented Information database (HPOI) derived from the Canadian national Disc...

Introduction: Iran experienced a dramatic fertility decline during recent decades. There was also an indication of a shift towards later childbearing from 2000. Past research on fertility has shown that the education variable is the most important determinant of fertility behaviors. However, the impact of education on fertility timing in Iran has been less considered. Methods: In a cross secti...

China’s Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2011–2015) aims to achieve a national carbon intensity reduction of 17% through differentiated targets at the provincial level. Allocating the national target among China’s provinces is complicated by the fact that more than half of China’s national carbon emissions are embodied in interprovincial trade, with the relatively developed eastern provinces relying on ...