Molecular systematic is important in solving the problematic taxonomy of venomous snakes and development of antivenins. The current study aimed to investigate the molecular phylogeny of 4 venomous species in Saudi Arabia using mitochondrial (mt) 16S rRNA gene. DNA extracted from blood and mt16S rRNA gene amplified by PCR. Sequences submitted to gene bank, examined for similarity with other sequ...

are only 34 cases more reported from different parts of India and one from Burma. Out of the 34 cases 12 were seen in Southern India (Guntur 4, Vizagapatam 8), one in Poona, 16 in the Punjab (Lahore 1, Kangra District 15) and 5 in Calcutta. Napier (1939) reports that they encounter 6 to 12 cases a year in the outdoor clinic of the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine. No cases have yet been rep...

While increasing income inequality in China has been commented on and studied extensively, relatively little analysis is available on inequality in other dimensions of human development. Using data from different sources, this paper presents some basic facts on the evolution of spatial inequalities in education and healthcare in China over the long run. In the era of economic reforms, as the fo...

BACKGROUND Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite indicator that can show the impact of economic strategies on human life standards. The index is calculated by three main factors of income, education and health. This research studies the status of HDI across the Iranian provinces, its changes over time and the efficiency of provinces in using resources. METHODS The data for 2001 and 200...

A biogeographic regionalisation of the Andean region is proposed as a hierarchical classification of sub-regions, provinces, sub-provinces and districts. It is based on biogeographic analyses of terrestrial plant and animal taxa, and seeks to provide universality, objectivity and stability. The Andean region is currently comprised of the Central Chilean, Subantarctic and Patagonian sub-regions ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the trend of changes in Cataract Surgical Rate (CSR) in the provinces of Iran during 2006 to 2010 and identify high risk areas. METHODS This report is part of the national Iranian CSR Study. The percentage change in CSR in 2010 compared to 2006 was conducted in each province, retrospectively. One hundred and ten centers were chosen from all pr...

China’s Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2011–2015) aims to achieve a national carbon intensity reduction of 17% through differentiated targets at the provincial level. Allocating the national target among China’s provinces is complicated by the fact that more than half of China’s national carbon emissions are embodied in interprovincial trade, with the relatively developed eastern provinces relying on ...