The leucine zipper is the dimerization domain of the B-ZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) class of eukaryotic transcription factors (Vinson et al., 1989). The name arose because leucines occur every seven amino acids in this dimerization domain.These leucines are critical for the dimerization and DNA binding of B-ZIP proteins. The leucine zipper is a left-handed parallel dimeric coiled-coil, a s...

We calculate exactly the density of magnon states of the regularly alternating spin2 XX chain with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The obtained result permit us to examine the stability of the chain with respect to spin-Peierls dimerization. We found that depending on the dependences of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on distortion amplitude it may act either in favour of the dimerization ...

Dimerization of HIV protease is essential for the acquisition of protease's proteolytic activity. We previously identified a group of HIV protease dimerization inhibitors, including darunavir (DRV). In the present work, we examine whether loss of DRV's protease dimerization inhibition activity is associated with HIV development of DRV resistance. Single amino acid substitutions, including I3A, ...

Retroviruses encapsidate their genome as a dimer of homologous RNA molecules noncovalently linked close to their 5' ends. The dimerization initiation site (DIS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA is a hairpin structure that contains in the loop a 6-nt self-complementary sequence flanked by two 5' and one 3' purines. The self-complementary sequence, as well as the flanking purine...

The crystal structure of [Ni(bpy)3]2(TCNQ–TCNQ)(TCNQ)2·6H2O (1) was studied by X-ray single-crystal analysis at 145 K and 100 K. structures 1 these two temperatures are essentially the same as previously 200 K: is built up [Ni(bpy)3]2+ complex cations, centrosymmetric crystallographically independent TCNQ·- anion-radicals, disordered σ- π-dimerized (TCNQ)2 units, water molecules crystallization...

BACKGROUND During long-term intravenous infusions, sulfite in sulfite-containing propofol emulsions can cause the peroxidation of lipid and dimerization of propofol. This study evaluated the role of lipid in sulfite-dependent propofol dimerization by determining the effects of individual fatty acids in soybean oil emulsion and peroxidized lipids in a model system. METHODS Individual fatty aci...

The total synthesis of the racemic natural products (±)-incarviditone and (±)-incarvilleatone has been accomplished in three steps via biomimetic dimerization of (±)-rengyolone. Homochiral dimerization of (±)-rengyolone affords (±)-incarviditone through a domino oxa-Michael/Michael sequence. Heterochiral dimerization, involving a domino oxa-Michael/Michael/aldol reaction sequence, affords (±)-i...

Nature constructs intricate complexes containing numerous binding partners in order to direct a variety of cellular processes. Researchers have taken a cue from these events to develop synthetic molecules that can nucleate natural and unnatural interactions for a diverse set of applications. These molecules can be designed to drive protein dimerization or to modulate the interactions between pr...