Learners sometimes have incoherent and fragmented intuitive prior knowledge that is (partly) "incompatible" with the to-be-learned contents. Such knowledge in pieces can cause conceptual disorientation and cognitive overload while learning. We hypothesized that a pre-training intervention providing a generalized schema as a structuring framework for such knowledge in pieces would support (re)or...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the pursuit of achievement goals in medical students and to assess the relationship between achievement goals, learning strategy, and motivation. METHODS Two hundred seventy freshman and sophomore premedical students and sophomore medical school students participated in this study, which used the Achievement Goals Scale and the Self-Regulate...

Logic-based controlled natural languages usually provide some facility for compositional representation, minimally including sentence level coordination and sometimes subordination. Although these compositional forms suffice for representing short passages, they can become unwieldy for expressing entire paragraphs and documents. This paper describes an approach to representing larger composite ...

Turn-taking provides a basis for comparing interactions in different communication environments, and this paper demonstrates that readily observable features of turns can be linked to principles that organize and manage the interaction. Results are based on 150 decision-making interactions elicited in a face-to-face environment, an asynchronous, e-mail environment, and several types of synchron...

The article focuses on the analysis of political discourse, which penetrates modern society. Political discourse is made up by politicians. Under framework cognitive and communicative paradigm a complex phenomenon directly or indirectly aimed at distributing, exercising power winning majority votes during election campaigns. yields results strategies in US President-elect Joe Biden presidential...