Sleep disturbance is an important clinical complaint for individuals with nonmalignant pain conditions. This review is a broad introduction to the literature on sleep disturbance and chronic pain conditions. The article critically reviews studies of sleep disturbance in musculoskeletal pain, arthritis, headache, and fibromyalgia. Current neurobiological hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of ...

In this paper, three disturbance compensation algorithms are experimentally evaluated considering the control problem of a rodless pneumatic cylinder. Despite its highly nonlinear dynamics, the pneumatic cylinder is modeled as a linear system including an unknown lumped disturbance. Three disturbance estimation algorithms are then employed to compensate for this lumped disturbance: the traditio...

Forested ecosystems are dynamic, subject to natural developmental processes as well as natural and anthropogenic stresses and disturbances. Degradation is a related term. for lowered productive capacity from changes to forest structure of function (FAO. 2001). Degradation is not synonymous with disturbance, however; disturbance becomes degradation when natural resilience mechanisms are overwhel...

In many parts of the world forest disturbance regimes have intensified recently, and future climatic changes are expected to amplify this development further in the coming decades. These changes are increasingly challenging the main objectives of forest ecosystem management, which are to provide ecosystem services sustainably to society and maintain the biological diversity of forests. Yet a co...

Exploring interactions between ecological disturbance, species' abundances and community composition provides critical insights for ecological dynamics. While disturbance is also potentially an important driver of landscape genetic patterns, the mechanisms by which these patterns may arise by selective and neutral processes are not well-understood. We used simulation to evaluate the relative im...

The problem of robust predictive control for multivariable illconditioned systems is addressed in this work. A technique for designing robust disturbance models is presented, which is based on an off-line min-max optimization problem. It is shown that the most common disturbance model – the output disturbance model – is not robust to modeling errors when the process model is ill-conditioned. On...

Many seemingly paradoxical effects are known in the predictions for outcomes of measurements made on preand post-selected quantum systems. A class of such effects, which we call “logical preand post-selection paradoxes”, bear a striking resemblance to proofs of the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem, which suggests that they demonstrate the contextuality of quantum mechanics. Despite the apparent simi...

The main purpose of the present research was to explore gender-related associations between sleep disturbance and perfectionism dimensions in a large sample of undergraduate students. Perfectionism dimensions have been assessed using the Portuguese version of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt and Flett, 1991 , J Pers Soc Psychol 60:456; Soares et al., 2003 , Rev Port Psicossom 5:...

An 1 -year-old boy presented with enteric fever (titres for Salmonella typhi positive as TH 640 andTO 320). He was prescribed pefloxacin 200 mg 12 hourly for 14 days. After regression offever in five days, he complained ofan occipitonuchal headache ofincreasing severity with vomiting and diplopia. No H/O ear discharge, visual symptoms or seizures. Clinical examination revealed an alert young bo...

This thesis studies the problem of robust disturbance rejection for nonlinear systems based on three different methods: H∞ control, singular perturbation theory and multiple model adaptive control. Firstly, the disturbance suppression problem for nonlinear systems based on H∞ control is examined. We review the so-called nonstandard mixed sensitivity problem, which introduces an integrator into ...