We have previously reported that administration of insulin into the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus decreases motivation for sucrose, assessed by a self-administration task, in rats. Because the pattern of central nervous system (CNS) activation in association with sucrose self-administration has not been evaluated, in the present study, we measured expression of c-Fos as an index of neuron...

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor are abundantly distributed in the brain, especially in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus associated with regulating energy homeostasis. To elucidate the possible involvement of CNP in energy regulation, we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of CNP on food intake in mice. The intracerebroventricular adminis...

The precise distribution of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in 23 discrete brain nuclei and areas of Wistar strain male rats was determined by specific radioimmunoassay. TRH was detected in most of these areas. The highest concentration was found in the median eminence (27.52 +/- 2.84 ng/mg protein). The arcuate nucleus (4.92 +/- 0.58 ng/mg protein), dorsomedial nucleus (4.77 +/- 0.59 ng/mg...

Kotz, Catherine M., Mary A. Mullett, and ChuanFeng Wang. Diminished feeding responsiveness to orexin A (hypocretin 1) in aged rats is accompanied by decreased neuronal activation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R359–R366, 2005. First published May 5, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00717.2004.—Orexin A is produced in caudal lateral, posterior, perifornical, and dorsomedial hypothalamic a...

Reduced leptin (Ob protein) signaling is proposed to be a stimulus for the activation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene activity and increased expression of mRNA for the long form of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. To determine if Ob-Rb protein is expressed in arcuate nucleus NPY neurons, we developed an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody against amino acids 956-1...

In vivo imaging techniques have indicated for many years that there is loss of white matter after human traumatic brain injury (TBI) and that the loss is inversely related to cognitive outcome. However, correlated, quantitative evidence for loss of neurons from either the cerebral cortex or the diencephalon is largely lacking. There is some evidence in models of TBI that neuronal loss occurs wi...

id 13940&is_tech 0] 49. DiMicco JA, Soltis RP, Anderson JJ, and Wible JH Jr. Hypothalamic mechanisms and the cardiovascular response to stress. In: Central Neural Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Regulation, vol. II, edited by Kunos G and Ciriello J, Boston, MA: Birkhauser, 1992, p. 52–80. 50. DiMicco JA, Samuels BC, Zaretskaia MV, and Zaretsky DV. The dorsomedial hypothalamus and the response to s...

SIRT1 is a nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase that orchestrates key metabolic adaptations to nutrient deprivation in peripheral tissues. SIRT1 is induced also in the brain by reduced energy intake. However, very little is known about SIRT1 distribution and the biochemical phenotypes of SIRT1-expressing cells in the neuraxis. Unknown are also the brain sites in which SIRT1...

Energy balance results from the coordination of multiple pathways affecting energy expenditure and food intake. Candidate neuropeptides involved in energy balance are the melanocortins. Several species, including Siberian hamsters studied here, decrease and increase food intake in response to stimulation and blockade of the melanocortin 4-receptor (MC4-R). In addition, central application of th...