Background Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem worldwide, but communicating this challenge to policymakers and non-experts is complicated by the multiplicity of bacterial pathogens and the distinct classes of antibiotics used to treat them. It is difficult, even for experts aware of the pharmacodynamics of antibiotics, to infer the seriousness of resistance without information on how com...

BACKGROUND Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for energy aim to balance energy expenditure at a level of physical activity consistent with health and support adequate growth in children. DRIs were derived from total energy expenditure (TEE) measured by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method; however, the database was limited in the 3-5-y-old range. OBJECTIVE We reexamined the DRI for energy...

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are used in Canada and the United States in planning and assessing diets of apparently healthy individuals and population groups. The approaches used to establish DRIs on the basis of classical nutrient deficiencies and/or toxicities have worked well. However, it has proved to be more challenging to base DRI values on chronic disease endpoints; deviations from t...

The helix-coil transition in poly(oxymethy1ene) has been investigated by using the recently developed dynamic rotational isomeric state (DRIS) model and the related matrix multiplication technique. The conditional probability P,(h/h) that a chain originally in the perfect helical form will preserve its state unchanged at a later time T is evaluated for various chain lengths and temperatures. Th...