This paper presents analytical models to investigate the steering maneuvers of planetary exploration rovers on loose soil. The models are based on wheel-soil interaction mechanics, or terramechanics, with which the traction and disturbance forces of a wheel are evaluated for various slip conditions. These traction forces are decomposed into the longitudinal and lateral directions of the wheel. ...

The application of emulsion for combined heat extraction and lubrication requires continuous monitoring of the quality of emulsion to sustain a desired grinding environment; this is applicable to other grinding fluids as well. Thus to sustain a controlled grinding environment, it is necessary to adopt an effectively lubricated wheel-work interface. The current study was undertaken to assess exp...

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the relations of rubber size, rubber content, and binder content in determination of optimum binder content for open graded friction course (OGFC). Mix gradation type B as specified in Specification for Porous Asphalt produced by the Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM) was used in this study. Marshall specimens were prepared with fo...

OBJECTIVE To examine the reproducibility, responsiveness and concurrent validity of the six-minute walk test (6MWT) when tested outdoors in patients' own neighbourhoods using a global positioning system (GPS) or a measuring wheel. METHODS A total of 27 chronic stroke patients, discharged to their own homes, were tested twice, within 5 consecutive days. The 6MWT was conducted using a GPS and a...

The present work aims at reducing the friction of rubber soles sliding on ceramic floorings. Fitting bored cylindrical protrusions with different diameters on rubber soles was proposed. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed protrusions in increasing friction coefficient at dry and contaminated floorings. It was found that, at dry sliding, friction coefficient ...

Traction failure on loose terrain is common in conventional agricultural wheeled tractors due to poor traction ability and lower power transfer efficiency of drive wheels, which leads excessive energy consumption soil compaction agriculture. To overcome the problem, this paper presents a new design rigid lugged wheel for use field tillage operations. This was designed according operational requ...

The first solid-state engine that converted heat into continuous mechanical motion using a thermally responsive actuating material was introduced almost century ago. These engines used vulcanized rubber where the cyclically heating and cooling of generate power in pendulum or wheel type engines. development has seen several waves activity with interest stimulated by introduction new materials c...

Cytotoxicity of 14 glove materials representing 4 natural rubber latex, 6 synthetic rubber and 4 synthetic polymeric materials was evaluated using dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), agar overlay and filter diffusion tests. Cell responses after contact with extracts of glove materials and contact with glove materials were assessed. One synthetic rubber glove (nitrile rubber) and 2 synthe...

In order to study passing ability of lunar rover in lunar soil, the mechanical parameters between lunar wheel and lunar soil should be analyzed. The mechanical parameters can reflect the mechanical relationship between lunar rover wheel and regolith. These parameters include sinkage, drawbar pull, driving torque, motion resistance and slip. In this paper, these parameters are measured by soil b...