The contact mode high-speed atomic force microscope (AFM) operates orders of magnitude faster than conventional AFMs. It is capable capturing multiple frames per second with nanometre-scale lateral resolution and subatomic height resolution. This advancement in imaging rate allows for microscale analysis across macroscale surfaces, making it suitable applications materials science. However, the...

The corrosion morphology in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel wire was studied to understand the nature of pitting and causes ferrite phase’s selective acidic (pH 3) NaCl solutions at 60 °C. It is shown that mechanism always pitting, which either manifests lacy cover perforation or densely arrayed cavities developing selectively on phase. Pits with a metal form concentrated chloride solutions, ...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare early biofilm formation on biomaterials, which are being used in contemporary fixed orthodontic treatment. METHODS This study comprised 10 healthy volunteers (5 females and 5 males) with a mean age of 27.3 +-3.7 years. Three slabs of different orthodontic materials (stainless steel, gold and ceramic) were placed in r...