abstract in this paper, markov chain and dynamic programming were used to represent a suitable pattern for tax relief and tax evasion decrease based on tax earnings in iran from 2005 to 2009. results, by applying this model, showed that tax evasion were 6714 billion rials**. with 4% relief to tax payers and by calculating present value of the received tax, it was reduced to 3108 billion rials. ...

We consider an equilibrium model à la Kyle-Back for a defaultable claim issued by a given firm. In such a market the insider observes continuously in time the value of firm, which is unobservable by the market makers. Using the construction of a dynamic Bessel bridge of dimension 3 in [5], we provide the equilibrium price and the optimal insider’s strategy. As in [3], the information released b...

Article history: Accepted 20 November 2013 Available online xxxx JEL classification: G12 G14

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the long-lasting dynamic relationship between credit default swap (CDS) premia and government bond spreads (GBS), with regard sovereign risk. practical focus evaluate whether CDS market effectively leading or lagging in risk price discovery process during last decade monetary easing. analysis extends all “sensitive” countries Eurozone, so-called “PII...

Article history: Accepted 25 February 2013 JEL classification: G12 G14 E43

Article history: Received 30 March 2013 Accepted 14 May 2013 Available online xxxx JEL classification: C02 C13 G14

We analyze the impact of news (information shocks) in economies where liquidity plays a role. While we also consider news about real factors, like productivity, one motivation is that central bank announcements evidently affect markets, as taken for granted by advocates of forward guidance policy. The dynamic effects can be complicated, with information about monetary policy or real factors aff...

This paper provides a dynamic rational expectations equilibrium model in which investors have heterogeneous information and investment opportunities. Informed investors privately receive advance information about future earnings that is unrelated to current earnings. In response to good advance information, stock prices increase and informed investors act as trend chasers, increasing their inve...

Given a Markovian Brownian martingale Z, we build a process X which is a martingale in its own filtration and satisfies X1 = Z1. We call X a dynamic bridge, because its terminal value Z1 is not known in advance. We compute explicitly its semimartingale decomposition under both its own filtration FX and the filtration FX,Z jointly generated by X and Z. Our construction is heavily based on parabo...

We investigate non-linearities in the stock return trading volume relationship by using daily data for 16 European countries in an asymmetric vector autoregressive model. In this framework, we test for asymmetries and analyze the dynamic relationship using a simulation based procedure for computing asymmetric impulse response functions. We find that stock returns have a significant influence on...