the long term goal attaining of economic system management requires the establishment of a dynamic framework to integrate multiple perspectives. this article considers the problem of economic development in macro level. as economic systems are complex adaptive systems composed of numerous numbers of components of dynamic and multidimensional nature, dynamics method is applied in this research. ...

the interaction between proteins and membranes has an important role in biological pro-cesses.we have calculated energies of interaction between melittin and dmpc bilayer in differenttemperatures. we have used the charmm software for md simulation under the canonical (n,v, e) ensemble at different temperatures. the computations have shown that water moleculeshave more penetration into the bilay...

the mouths of some bony and cartilaginous fishes are located in the anterior part of theirbodies, with a slight variation in sharks, which have theirs located in the abdominal part. thisvariation is evolutionary over time. the force exerted by the jaws of sharks in order todismember their prey can be examined from two origins: .the determined force exerted by teethand muscles and the force as a...

regarding increasing importance of tank wagons and efficiency in fluids transportation, their usage is increasing every day. thus paying attention to their designs just as dynamic analysis of wagons during travelling time is vitally important. in this task, sloshing coefficient as prominent parameter in tank wagons designing has been investigated. to ease of efficient design, theses parameters ...

fuzzy cognitive maps (fcms) have successfully been applied in numerous domains to show the relations between essential components in complex systems. in this paper, a novel learning method is proposed to construct fcms based on historical data and by using meta-heuristic: genetic algorithm (ga), simulated annealing (sa), and tabu search (ts). implementation of the proposed method has demonstrat...

abstract. rangeland vegetation dynamics encompass all processes of changes in vegetation composition and structure over time. investigating the rangeland ecosystem dynamics makes it possible to determine the effects of climatic and management conditions on qualitative and quantitative changes of the vegetation in a specific period of time. accordingly, data collection and measurements for evalu...

rangeland ploughing and cultivation using dry land farming crops may be amajor reason for the destruction of natural resources in the semiarid and sub-humid regionswhich may significantly change the composition and reduce the stability of the affectedcommunities. in present research, an abandoned ploughed site was compared with a nearbyreference site in the semiarid rangelands of baharkish, quc...

in this study, eutrophication was investigated in lake ontario to identify the interactions among effective drivers. the complexity of such phenomenon was modeled using a system dynamics approach based on a consideration of constant and variable stoichiometric ratios. the system dynamics approach is a powerful tool for developing object-oriented models to simulate complex phenomena that involve...

this research presents a dynamic mathematical system for modeling and simulating the quality management process in construction projects. through sets of cause and effect feedback loops, all factors that internally and externally affect the quality management process are addressed. the proposed system integrates fuzzy logic with system dynamics simulation scheme to consider the uncertainties as...