Anaerobically treated seedlings of Oryza sativa L. var arborio accumulated in their shoots more succinate than lactate and cell sap became alkaline. Conversely, in Triticum aestivum L. var MEK 86 lactate accumulation was far higher than that of succinate and cell sap was acidified. Anoxia clearly induced proton consumption in both species as an important means to prevent or counteract acidosis....

The productivity of paddy rice in Malaysia has improved as the technology advances. However, several concerns need to be considered to maintain the productivity. The growth of paddy weeds in the fields is one of the concerns that need to be taken care of as it resulted to the decrease of the paddy yield. This paper presents an integrated method for classifying paddy weeds through the shape of t...

Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase is an African grass with C4 photosynthesis, high biomass production, and high vegetative propagation that is tolerant to grazing and able to grow in flooded and dry conditions. Thus, it is highly invasive in tropical freshwater marshes where it is intentionally planted by ranchers to increase cattle production. This invasion is reducing plant biodi...

The purpose of this paper is to argue that the tactic of granting a fetus the legal status of a person will not, contrary to the expectations of opponents of abortion, provide grounds for a general prohibition on abortions. I begin by examining two arguments, one moral (J. J. Thomson's 'A Defense of Abortion') and the other legal (D. Regan's 'Rewriting Roe v. Wade'), which grant the assumption ...

The performance of many desert plant species in North America may decline with the warmer and drier conditions predicted by climate change models, thereby accelerating land degradation and reducing ecosystem productivity. We paired repeat measurements of plant canopy cover with climate at multiple sites across the Chihuahuan Desert over the last century to determine which plant species and func...

Switchgrass, Indiangrass, and big bluestem are warmseason grasses that are a suitable alternative for summer pasture in Iowa. Their advantage over cool-season grasses such as bluegrass, bromegrass, and orchardgrass is their ability to produce during midsummer. These warm-season perennial grasses start growing in late spring as air and soil temperatures increase. Leaf growth often occurs in earl...

Introduction In many circumstances in afforestation, by tree plantation or by direct tree seeding, the quick development of very competitive herbaceous and shrubby species can compromise tree establishment (Balandier et al. 2006). At present, this vegetation is often controlled by chemical and mechanical operations, whereas they are criticized from environmental points of view; some alternative...

A pyrolysis of compost for the production of syngas with an explicit H2/CO = 2 or H2/CO = 3 was investigated in this study. The composts were obtained from nonhybrid (perennial) grasses (NHG) and hybrid (perennial) grasses (HG). Discrepancies in H2 evolution profiles were found between NHG and HG composts. In addition, positive correlations for NHG composts were obtained between (i) H2 yield an...