human capital has always been of high importance in economic growth literature. in this regard, several studies have tried to explain the role of this variable via the use of different models. the present study, in line with the previous ones, going to estimate the share of human capital in iranian economy production from 1974 to 2011 within the framework of ozawa (1965) and lucas’s (1988) endo...

Rural development means as overall development of rural areas social, economic, political and cultural so that the people are to lead a pleasant life. Agriculture plays the most important and decisive role in rural development. Infect, nobody can deny this fact that most of the population in India is still living in villages and their livelihood is depending on agriculture. Therefore, we rightl...

This paper examines the impact of industrial policy on capital structure based on a partial adjustment model of capital structure that incorporates financial flexibility, macroeconomic conditions, economic development as well as firm-level factors. The issue is investigated in the context of Taiwan where industrial policy is widely considered to have played a strategic role in its economic succ...

Since the middle of the eighteenth century, manufacturing has functioned as the main engine of economic growth and development. However, in recent research, questions have been raised concerning the continued importance of the manufacturing sector for economic development. This paper reexamines the role of manufacturing as a driver of growth in developing countries in the period 1950-2005. The ...

Malnutrition is locked in a vicious cycle of increased mortality, poor health, impaired cognitive development, slow physical growth, reduced learning capacity, inferior performance, and ultimately lower adult work performance and productivity. The consensus of global scientific evidence indicates that lowering the rates of malnutrition will be an indispensable component of any successful progra...

During the early to mid-1990s, the pace of economic growth in the South was broadly comparable with that in the rest of the United Kingdom. During 1996–98, however, the pace of activity in the South strengthened considerably relative to the rest of the country. This article investigates one possible explanation for divergences in growth between the two regions—namely differences in the relative...

The expected decline of health indicators with economic recessions and improvement with economic growth in the nineteenth century Sweden was reversed in the twentieth century, giving the counterintuitive pattern of higher mortality and lower life expectancy in economic expansions and improvement of these indices in recessions. The change or "tipping point" occurred at the end of the nineteenth ...

BACKGROUND The frequent outbreak of environmental threats in China has resulted in increased criticism regarding the health effects of China's urbanization. Urbanization is a double-edged sword with regard to health in China. Although great efforts have been made to investigate the mechanisms through which urbanization influences health, the effect of both economic development and urbanization ...

Declining production from conventional oil resources has initiated a global transition to unconventional oil, such as tar sands. Unconventional oil is generally harder to extract than conventional oil and is expected to have a (much) lower energy return on (energy) investment (EROI). Recently, there has been a surge in publications estimating the EROI of a number of different sources of oil, an...

The significance of non-renewable resources in economic development is an on-going debate between optimists and pessimists, but what insights does it provide for contemporary societies who need to choose between alternative growth paths? This paper aims to explain the depletion of non-renewable resources within the concept of externalities in order to determine the range of externalities for fu...