Most current cost-benefit analyses of climate change policies suggest an optimal global climate policy that is significantly less stringent than the level required to meet the internationally agreed 2 °C target. This is partly because the sum of estimated economic damage of climate change across various sectors, such as energy use and changes in agricultural production, results in only a small ...

Land use change not only directly influences carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems but can also cause energy-related carbon emissions. This study examined spatiotemporal land use change across Jiangsu Province, China; calculated vegetation carbon storage loss caused by land use change and energy-related carbon emissions; analysed the relationship among land use change, carbon emissions and s...

Rapid economic development and increasing population in China have exerted tremendous pressures on the coastal ecosystems. In addition to land-based pollutants and reclamation, fast expansion of large-scale intensive mariculture activities has also brought about additional effects. So far, the ecological impact of rapid mariculture development and its large-scale operations has not drawn enough...

This study's primary purpose is to analyze empirical information on the nature, magnitude and motivation for international production sharing in East Asia. To accomplish this objective it utilizes a, heretofore, largely untapped data source on inter-and intra-regional trade in parts and components. The following are some of the main points emerging from these data; • East Asian trade in compone...

Indiana exports reached $3.98 billion in the third quarter of 2000. That represents a 14.8% increase when compared to the third quarter of 1999. Over the first three quarters of 2000 Indiana exports totaled $12.3 billion, about $2 billion more than sales during the same period in 1999. If this pace continues in the final quarter, Indiana exports would exceed $16 billion for the year — the highe...

A general discrete-time stochastic control model is developed which encompasses many wellknown economic models. In the context of the general model, sufficient conditions are derived for the equivalence and approximate equivalence of myopic (sequential single-period) and global (simultaneous multi-period) expected return maximization. A bound provided for the global return loss resulting from m...

In this paper the authors consider the continuous deterministic, infinite horizon, single item inventory system within the setting of a retailer sector in which the demand rate for an item is time dependent. The parameter of the replenishment cost is kept constant, but the carrying cost per unit is allowed to vary. The optimal policies are found, and decision rules and classical EOQ model have ...

This paper develops new estimates of flows into and out of unemployment that allow for unobserved heterogeneity across workers as well as direct effects of unemployment duration on unemployment-exit probabilities. Unlike any previous paper in this literature, we develop a complete dynamic statistical model that allows us to measure the contribution of different shocks to the short-run, medium-r...

In this paper, we introducea deterministic Economic Order Quantity Inventory Modelwith exponential demand rate, Weibull Distribution for deterioration and time dependent holding cost in crisp and fuzzy environment.Also each cycle Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged to suit present day competition in the market objectives. The backlogging rate is variable and as depends on the length ...

This paper presents an evidence-based introduction to assessing and managing the dizzy patient. It is based upon a literature review highlighting current best practice and the clinical experience of the author. Dizziness is common, often chronic and largely untreated, resulting in great personal and economic loss. Serious pathological causes of dizziness may be quickly and effectively screened ...