We report time-to-space mapping of femtosecond light pulses in a temporal holography setup. By reading out a temporal hologram of a short optical pulse with a continuous-wave diode laser, we accurately convert temporal pulse-shape information into a spatial pattern that can be viewed with a camera. We demonstrate real-time acquisition of electric-field autocorrelation and cross correlation of f...

We present an octave-spanning Ti:sapphire oscillator supporting Fourier-limited pulses as short as 3.7 fs. This laser system can be directly CEO-phase stabilized delivering an average output power of about 90 mW with a pulse duration of 4.4 fs. The phase-stabilization is realized without additional spectral broadening using an f-2f interferometer approach allowing for full control of the electr...

Ultrashort, nearly unipolar electric field pulses are used to produce novel dynamic states in Rydberg atoms. A single 500 fsec field pulse redistributes essentially all of the population from a single stationary Rydberg state to hundreds of different final states. The dynamic evolution of the nonstationary wave packet is monitored using a second, time-delayed pulse. The time-dependent momentum-...

Spiking oscillators with pulse-train input(s) exhibit interesting synchronous phenomena and have been studied intensively in various fields including nonlinear electric circuits and neural networks [1]-[3]. The analysis of such synchronous phenomena is important as basic nonlinear problems in the various fields. Also, the analysis is fundamental for understanding dynamics of pulse-coupled neura...

A new type of compact chirped-pulse-amplification circuit for high-power amplification of femtosecond pulses in an optical fiber is demonstrated. This circuit is based on a novel pulse compressor, chirped-period quasi-phase-matching gratings in electric-field-poled lithium niobate. The main advantages of this circuit are simplicity, the small number of components, compactness, and wavelength co...

We demonstrate the use of a femtosecond pulse-shaping apparatus for electronically programmable phase filtering of amplified spontaneous emission from an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Pulse shaping applied to a broadband incoherent light (noise) input results in reshaped noise, with a specially tailored electric field correlation function. Our experiments clearly reveal that phase filtering can...

We present direct measurements of the spatiotemporal electric field of an ultrashort Bessel-X pulse generated using a conical lens (axicon). These measurements were made using the linear-optical interferometric technique SEA TADPOLE, which has micrometer spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution. From our measurements, both the superluminal velocity of the Bessel pulse and the prop...

20 Physiological measurements from an unrestrained, untethered, and freely moving animal 21 permit analyses of neural states correlated to naturalistic behaviors of interest. Precise and 22 reliable remote measurements remain technically challenging due to animal movement, which 23 perturbs the relative geometries between the animal and sensors. Pulse-type electric fish generate 24 a train of d...

Physiological measurements from an unrestrained, untethered, and freely moving animal permit analyses of neural states correlated to naturalistic behaviors of interest. Precise and reliable remote measurements remain technically challenging due to animal movement, which perturbs the relative geometries between the animal and sensors. Pulse-type electric fish generate a train of discrete and ste...

We describe the synthesis of periodic waveforms consisting of a train of pulses that are 0.83 cycles long and have an electric field pulse width of 0.44 fs using 7 Raman sidebands generated by molecular modulation in H2. We verify by optical correlation that the carrier-envelope phase is constant in these waveforms when they are synthesized from commensurate sidebands. The estimated overall shi...