We discuss the electromagnetic energy-momentum distribution and the mechanical forces of the electromagnetic field in material media. There is a long-standing controversy on these notions. The Minkowski and the Abraham energy-momentum tensors are the most well-known ones. We propose a solution of this problem which appears to be natural and self-consistent from both a theoretical and an experim...

This paper proposes a new geometrical theory for the formation of subatomic structures underlying electric polarities and gravitation, and describes their interactions at the sub-elemental particle level. The structures are derived from two basic observations and their interpretations. It is observed that spiral motion is a fundamental action of matter and that all material manifestation is a t...

The paper deals with the electromagnetic forces in induction machines when the rotor is performing eccentric motion with respect to the stator. The studied eccentric motions of the rigid cage rotor are cylindrical circular whirling motion, symmetric conical whirling motion and the combination of these two basic modes of eccentric motions. The multi-slice, time stepping finite element analysis i...

One of the most important goals of contemporary cosmology is to unreveal the properties of dark energy. This energy form is thought to be responsible for the observed accelerating expansion of the present day universe. There are several methods used to study the properties of dark energy. The important ones make use of the anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB), the evo...

The electromagnetic potential consisting in the Coulomb plus the magnetic moment interactions between two nucleons is studied in nucleon-deuteron scattering. For states in which the relative N − d angular momentum L has low values the three–nucleon problem has been solved using the correlated hyperspherical harmonic expansion basis. For states in which the angular momentum L has large values, e...

Building upon previous results in scalar field theory, a formalism is developed that uses generalized Killing fields to understand the behavior of extended charges interacting with their own electromagnetic fields. New notions of effective linear and angular momenta are identified, and their evolution equations are derived exactly in arbitrary (but fixed) curved spacetimes. A slightly modified ...

Electromagnetic waves are known to exert optical forces on particles through radiation pressure. It was hypothesized previously that electromagnetic waves inside left-handed metamaterials produce negative radiation pressure. Here we numerically examine optical forces inside left-handed photonic crystals demonstrating negative refraction and reversed phase propagation. We demonstrate that even t...

This review describes the methods of trapping cold atoms in electromagnetic fields and in the combined electromagnetic and gravity fields. We discuss first the basic types of the dipole radiation forces used for cooling and trapping atoms in the laser fields. We outline next the fundamentals of the laser cooling of atoms and classify the temperature limits for basic laser cooling processes. The...