The linear and nonlinear kinetic properties of electrostatic oblique waves below the lower hybrid frequency are investigated. For propagation angles # = k k =k ? < q m e =m i the waves are damped by either parallel electron Landau or ion cyclotron damping. For T i =T e 1 the waves are only weakly damped and can propagate. These waves are called slow ion cyclotron (SIC) and slow ion acoustic (SI...

The identity of charges generated by contact electrification on dielectrics has remained unknown for centuries and the precise determination of the charge density is also a long-standing challenge. Here, electrostatic charges on Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) produced by rubbing with Lucite (polymethylmethacrylate) were directly identified as electrons rather than ions by electrochemical (red...

Loose graphene sheets, one to a few atomic layers thick, are often observed on freshly cleaved HOPG surfaces. A straightforward technique using electrostatic attraction is demonstrated to transfer these graphene sheets to a selected substrate. Sheets from one to 22 layers thick have been transferred by this method. One sheet after initial deposition is measured by atomic force microscopy to be ...