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In this paper, a new formulation based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is presented for backcalculation of pavement layer moduli. In structural analysis of flexible pavements, the procedures as Layered Elastic Theory, Equivalent Layer Thickness (ELT), and Finite Elements Method (FEM) generally have complex formulations and give approximate results. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to pe...

The mechanisms involved in the recognition of microbial pathogens and activation of the immune system have been extensively studied. However, the mechanisms involved in the recovery phase of an infection are incompletely characterized at both the cellular and physiological levels. Here, we establish a Caenorhabditis elegans-Salmonella enterica model of acute infection and antibiotic treatment f...

In Exponentially-Modulated Filter Bank (EMFB) the complex subfilters are generated from a real-valued prototype filter by multiplying the filter impulse response with complex exponential sequences. This gives the possibility to use block transforms with computationally fast algorithms. Our definition for the EMFB is based on Extended Lapped Transform (ELT). Then we may apply Fast ELT based algo...

English has served as a means of communication among speakers of different first languages (i.e. a lingua franca) for many centuries. Yet its present spread and use are so new that English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in its current global manifestation did not exist as recently as 1946 when this Journal was launched. During the 20 years or so since it was first identified and empirically researche...

During the Covid19 pandemic, online learning platforms are solutions to sustain English Language Teaching (ELT). It is an appropriate option for lecturers deliver course materials amidst covid19 outbreak. Some of most frequently used Zoom and WhatsApp. The purpose this study describe EFL university students’ perceptions use WhatsApp in ELT. A virtual class form was created enable students remot...

Routledge Introductions to Applied Linguistics is a series of introductory level textbooks covering the core topics in Applied Linguistics, primarily designed for those entering postgraduate studies and language professionals returning to academic study. The books take an innovative “practice to theory” approach, with a ‘back-to-front’ structure. This leads the reader from real-world problems a...

Mechanisms that regulate the growth response to estrogen (17beta-estradiol, E2) are poorly understood. Recently, loss of function of the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) gene has been associated with E2-related conditions that are characterized by benign cellular proliferation. We examined the growth response to E2 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that possess wild-type TSC2 and compa...

The present thesis investigates to what extent contemporary ELT textbooks include reading materials as well as what types of texts are being used and what reading strategies they seemingly promote. Additionally, the study analyzes whether there is a noticeable discrepancy in teaching materials designed for the vocational and university preparatory and considers whether the design of the current...