In this paper we study synchrotron and Self Compton (SSC) emission from internal shocks (IS) during the prompt and X-ray flare phases of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). The aim is to test the IS model for the flare emission and if GRBs can be GeV sources. We determine the parameters for which the IS model can account for the observed prompt and X-ray flares emission, and study the detectability of the...

Global flaring of associated petroleum gas is a potential emission source of particulate matters (PM) and could be notable in some specific regions that are in urgent need of mitigation. PM emitted from gas flaring is mainly in the form of black carbon (BC), which is a strong short-lived climate forcer. However, BC from gas flaring has been neglected in most global/regional emission inventories...

In order to explore the potent role of meat cooking processes as the emission sources of particulate matter (PM), emission rates and the associated removal efficiency by precipitators were estimated based on the on-site measurements made at five under-fired charbroiling (UFC) restaurants. The emission patterns of PM for these five restaurants were compared after having been sorted into the main...

We analyze archived Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations of 536 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5 (DR5) quasars (QSOs) at 1.7 ≤ z ≤ 2.7 in order to characterize the relative UV and X-ray spectral properties of QSOs that do not have broad UV absorption lines (BALs). We constrain the fraction of X-ray weak, non-BAL QSOs and find that such objects are rare; for example, sources u...

We have observed several infrared-luminous galaxies which are in the process of merging (Mkn 231, Arp 299, NGC 6240, NGC 520, and IRAS 17208-0014) at 1.2mm with the multi-channel bolometer at the IRAM 30-meter telescope. Such observations of the long-wavelength thermal dust emission provide an alternative to CO as a measure of the gas mass. Comparing the masses of gas determined from the dust e...

this study investigates monthly and seasonal variations of carbon emission from the soil at different grazing intensities. three areas of exclosure, low and high grazing intensities were selected in ghoosheh region of semnan province. carbon emission was measured monthly, in each treatment applying alkali traps (csc) during a year. emission and grazing data were analyzed, using a factorial expe...

We report quantum cascade laser (QCL) master-oscillator power-amplifiers (MOPAs) at 300 K reaching output power of 1.5 W for tapered devices and 0.9 W for untapered devices. The devices display single-longitudinal-mode emission at λ = 7.26 µm and single-transverse-mode emission at TM(00). The maximum amplification factor is 12 dB for the tapered devices.

Policy-makers have been sharing growing concerns that climate change has significant impacts on human society and economic activates. Knowledge of the influencing factors of CO2 emission is the crucial step to reduce it. In this paper, both CO2 emission and CO2 sink on a city-level of the nine cities in Wuhan Metropolitan Area are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change a...

The diffuse continuum emission from the Galactic plane in the energy range 18–1000 keV has been studied using 16 Ms of data from the SPI instrument on INTEGRAL. With such an exposure we can exploit the imaging properties of SPI to achieve a good separation of point sources from the various diffuse components. Using a candidate-source catalogue derived with IBIS on INTEGRAL and a number of sky d...

A Chandra observation of the radio-loud quasar 3C9 at redshift z = 2.012 has revealed extended X-ray emission coincident with the radio jet. Of particular interest is the appearance of both jet and counterjet, which argues against the X-ray emission being highly beamed. We present the properties of the jets and discuss possible scenarios for the X-ray emission, contrasting them with the single ...