A particularly virulent O149:H10 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli clone harbours a newly characterized plasmid pTENT2 carrying the tetracycline-resistance tetA and the virulence genes estA, paa, and sepA that were not present in less virulent clones. The objectives of this study were to assess whether the additional genes on pTENT2 played a role in the increased severity of post-weaning diarrho...

This review highlighted the following: (i) pathogenic mechanism of the thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, especially on its cardiotoxicity, (ii) heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, especially structure-activity relationship of heat-stable enterotoxin, (iii) RNA N-glycosidase activity of Vero toxins (VT1 and VT2) ...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important pathogen responsible for secretory diarrhoea. The production of heat labile enterotoxin (LT), by ETEC, is largely responsible for the pathogenesis of diarrhoea. In the present study we investigated the effect of stress factors such as temperature, pH, osmotic stress and nutritional limitation on the production of LT by ETEC using in-house ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of life-threatening enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhea among Bangladeshi infants and young children <36 months of age. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING A rural Bangladesh community. PARTICIPANTS A total of 168 cases with clinically severe ETEC diarrhea detected in a treatment center-based surveillance ...

The role of flagella in the pathogenesis of F4ac+ Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) mediated neonatal and post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is not currently understood. We targeted the reference C83902 ETEC strain (O8:H19:F4ac+ LT+ STa+ STb+), to construct isogenic mutants in the fliC (encoding the major flagellin protein), motA (encoding the flagella motor), and faeG (encoding the major subuni...

The present study analysed quantitatively the mucin 4 polymorphism for determining the F4ac/ab receptor status of a total of 63 pigs by comparing it with the in vitro villous adhesion assay. The probability of a susceptible genotype for the mucin 4 increases significantly with increasing F4ab or F4ac ETEC adhesion per 250 microm villi (P=0.029 for F4ab, P=0.030 for F4ac), with the odds ratio fo...

Day-old-piglets were passively immunized by vaccinating the pregnant sows with K88ac enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine. High level of ETEC specific antibodies was excreted in colostrum (3733.33 +/- 1152.13) and maintained a detectable level (100.00 +/- 0.00) up to 21 day post partum (DPP). The IgG was the predominant immunoglobulin followed by IgA and IgM. Piglets born of vaccinat...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) that were isolated from neonatal pigs and that did not react in preliminary tests for pilus antigen K88 were subjected to additional tests for K88 and for pilus antigens K99 and 987P. Four such isolates produced K88, 9 isolates produced K99, 55 isolates produced 987P, and the remaining 43 isolates produced none of the three pilus antigens (3P(-)). Immunof...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrheal disease in developing countries, where it is responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. Vaccine development for ETEC has been hindered by the heterogeneity of known molecular targets and the lack of broad-based sustained protection afforded by existing vaccine strategies. In an effort to explore the poten...

F4(+) enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains cause diarrheal disease in neonatal and post-weaned piglets. Several different host receptors for F4 fimbriae have been described, with porcine aminopeptidase N (APN) reported most recently. The FaeG subunit is essential for the binding of the three F4 variants to host cells. Here we show in both yeast two-hybrid and pulldown assays that APN...