Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks represent a major threat to uninterrupted and efficient Internet service. In this paper, we empirically evaluate several major information metrics, namely, Hartley entropy, Shannon entropy, Renyi’s entropy, generalized entropy, Kullback–Leibler divergence and generalized information distance measure in their ability to detect both low-rate and high-r...

An approach to produce a model for the data generating distribution is the well-known maximum entropy method. In this approach, the partial knowledge about the data generating distribution is formulated in terms of a set of information constraints, usually moment constraints, and the inference is based on the model that maximizes Shannon’s entropy under these constraints. In this paper we inves...

The objective of this study is to investigate the thermal efficiency and power production of typical models of endoreversible heat engines at the regime of minimum entropy generation rate. The study considers the Curzon-Ahlborn engine, the Novikov's engine, and the Carnot vapor cycle. The operational regimes at maximum thermal efficiency, maximum power output and minimum entropy production rate...

Entropy functionals are computed for non-stationary distributions of particles of Lorentz gas and hard disks. The distributions consisting of beams of particles are found to have the largest amount of entropy and entropy increase. The computations show exponentially monotonic increase during initial time of rapid approach to equilibrium. The rate of entropy increase is bounded by sums of positi...

Cells can be considered as systems that utilize changes in thermodynamic entropy as information. Therefore, they serve as useful models for investigating the relationships between entropy production and information transmission, i.e., signal transduction. Based on the hypothesis that cells apply a chemical reaction cascade for the most efficient transduction of information, we adopted a coding ...

The physical mechanisms of entropy generation in a condenser with high fractions of noncondensable gases are examined using scaling and boundary layer techniques, with the aim of defining a criterion for minimum entropy generation rate that is useful in engineering analyses. This process is particularly relevant in humidification-dehumidification desalination systems, where minimizing entropy g...

Permutation entropy quantifies the diversity of possible orderings of the values a random or deterministic system can take, as Shannon entropy quantifies the diversity of values. We show that the metric and permutation entropy rates—measures of new disorder per new observed value—are equal for ergodic finite-alphabet information sources (discrete-time stationary stochastic processes). With this...

We propose a thermodynamic interpretation of transfer entropy near equilibrium, using a specialised Boltzmann’s principle. The approach relates conditional probabilities to the probabilities of the corresponding state transitions. This in turn characterises transfer entropy as a difference of two entropy rates: the rate for a resultant transition and another rate for a possibly irreversible tra...

This paper aims to perform the second law analysis of thermodynamics on the laminar film condensation of pure saturated vapor flowing in the direction of gravity on an ellipsoid with variable wall temperature. The analysis provides us understanding how the geometric parameterellipticity and non-isothermal wall temperature variation amplitude “A.” affect entropy generation during film-wise conde...

Long memory or long range dependency is an important phenomenon that may arise in the analysis of time series or spatial data. Most of the definitions of long memory of a stationary process X = {X1, X2, · · · , } are based on the second-order properties of the process. The excess entropy of a stationary process is the summation of redundancies which relates to the rate of convergence of the con...